Decarboxylation of Carboxylic Acid | Explained by IITian | Jee Mains, Advanced | NEET, AIIMS

Описание: Hello Guys, In this lecture we are going to discuss one of the most important topic for Jee mains, Advance, NEET, AIIMS and BITSAT.

The decarboxylation of RCO2H to give RH and CO2 can be calculated from bond energies and the stabilization energy of the carboxyl group to have ΔH=−7kcal mol−1 . This does not mean that the reaction goes easily. Special structural features are required. The simple aliphatic carboxylic acids do not lose carbon dioxide on heating, but when there are strongly electron-attracting groups attached to the α carbon, decarboxylation often proceeds readily at 100 - 150 degree C.
The mechanisms of thermal decarboxylation probably are not the same for all cases, but when the acid has a double-bonded function such as O=C , N=C , O=N , or C=C attached to the α carbon then a cyclic elimination process appears to occur.

Another method involves electrolysis of sodium or potassium carboxylate solutions, known as Kolbe electrolysis, in which carboxylate radicals are formed by transfer of an electron from the carboxylate ion to the anode. Decarboxylation may occur simultaneously with, or subsequent to, the formation of carboxylate radicals, leading to hydrocarbon radicals, which subsequently dimerize.
Decarboxylation of the silver salts of carboxylic acids in the presence of bromine or chlorine, the Hunsdiecker reaction, often is useful for the synthesis of alkyl halides.

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