Packaging of DNA Helix | Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Описание: DNA packing in Eukaryotes
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Length of DNA double helix in a typical mammalian cell is calculated by multiplying the total number of bp with distance between two consecutive bp, it comes out to be approximately 2.2 metres. In Eukaryotic Cell, histones are a family of basic proteins that associate with DNA in the nucleus and help condense it into chromatin. Histones are organised to form a unit of eight molecules called histone octamer. Nucleosomes constitute the repeating unit of a structure in nucleus called chromatin. The beads-on-string structure in chromatin is packaged to form chromatin fibers that are further coiled and condensed to form chromosomes. Packaging of chromatin at higher level requires additional set of proteins called Non-histone Chromosomal (NHC) proteins. Region of chromatin that are loosely packed are euchromatin, regions more densely packed are called as Heterochromatin.

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