Evolution in the Middle Permian

Описание: A look at some of the many strange evolutionary events that occurred among the Middle Permian tetrapods, including the ancestors of all of today's mammals and reptiles. I've been working on this one since last April, but life gets in the way, ya know.

Sources and Additional Reading:

Capitanian (Middle Permian) Extinction:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science...

Early Permian Gap/Extinction:
https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/...

Permian tetrapod biochronology, correlation and evolutionary events:
https://sp.lyellcollection.org/conten...

THE OLDEST THEROCEPHALIANS (THERAPSIDA, EUTHERIODONTIA) AND THE EARLY DIVERSIFICATION OF THERAPSIDA:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/f...

Changes in Permo‐Triassic terrestrial tetrapod ecological representation in the Beaufort Group (Karoo Supergroup) of South Africa:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/p...

Reconstructing the diversity of early terrestrial herbivorous tetrapods:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science...

Middle Permian continental biodiversity changes as reflected in the Beaufort Group of South Africa: a bio-and lithostratigraphic review of the Eodicynodon, Tapinocephalus and Pristerognathus assemblage zones:
http://wiredspace.wits.ac.za/handle/1...

High-precision U-Pb CA-TIMS calibration of Middle Permian to Lower Triassic sequences, mass extinction and extreme climate-change in eastern Australian Gondwana:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science...

Upper Permian vertebrates and their sedimentological context in the South Urals, Russia:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science...

Archaeosyodon:
http://www.kheper.net/evolution/thera...

The Origins of the Cochlea and Impedance Matching Hearing in Synapsids:
https://bioone.org/journals/Acta-Pala...

The original boneheads: histologic analysis of the pachyostotic skull roof in Permian burnetiamorphs (Therapsida: Biarmosuchia):
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/p...

New information on the morphology and stratigraphic range of the mid‐Permian gorgonopsian Eriphostoma microdon Broom, 1911:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/p...

The oldest cynodont: new clues on the origin and early diversification of the Cynodontia:
https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/a...

Oxygen isotopes suggest elevated thermometabolism within multiple PermoTriassic therapsid clades:
https://cdn.elifesciences.org/article...

Evolutionary Patterns Among Permo-Triassic Therapsids:
https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/ful...

A comparison of Late Permian Gondwanan and Laurasian amniote faunas:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science...

Olson's Extinction: The Permian's Dirty Little Secret Die-off:
https://www.discovermagazine.com/plan...

DINOSAUR RENAISSANCE:
https://tuda.triumf.ca/evolution/arti...