Pathogens Explained | Types, Transmission & Exam MCQs | A Level / AS Biology & Science Revision

Описание: In this video, we cover pathogens in a clear, exam-focused way — ideal for AS & A Level students preparing for MCQs and structured questions.

🔍 What you’ll learn:

✅ What pathogens are and why they cause disease

✅ Types of pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, protoctists

✅ How pathogens are transmitted

✅ Differences between bacterial and viral infections

✅ Common exam traps and misconceptions

✅ How pathogen questions appear in MCQs and long-answer questions

📌 This video is designed to help students understand, not memorise.

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🎯 WHY THIS VIDEO IS HELPFUL

Breaks down complex biology into simple logic

Uses exam-style language and definitions

Highlights keywords examiners look for

Helps students avoid common MCQ mistakes

Builds strong foundations for immunity and disease topics

🎓 WHO THIS VIDEO IS BENEFICIAL FOR

AS & A Level Biology students

Combined Science students

IGCSE students bridging to A Level

Students struggling with disease-related MCQs

Teachers using clear concept explanations

🧠 EXAM PREPARATION BENEFITS

Improves definition-based MCQs

Strengthens comparison questions (bacteria vs virus)

Supports data-response and application questions

Helps with structured explanations

Increases confidence in health & disease topics

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🧾 EXAM-RELEVANT CONTENT COVERED
🔹 What Is a Pathogen?

A microorganism that causes disease

Must enter the host and multiply

📌 Key exam phrase: “causes disease in the host”

🔹 Types of Pathogens

Bacteria – prokaryotic, treated with antibiotics

Viruses – acellular, require host cells

Fungi – eukaryotic, often cause skin infections

Protoctists – eukaryotic, often water-borne

📌 MCQs often test identification from descriptions

🔹 Transmission Methods

Airborne (droplets)

Water-borne

Direct contact

Vector transmission (e.g. mosquitoes)

📌 Frequently tested in application questions

🔹 Bacteria vs Viruses (High-Yield Comparison)
Feature Bacteria Viruses
Cell type Prokaryotic Acellular
Reproduction Binary fission Inside host cells
Antibiotics Effective Ineffective

📚 PAST EXAM QUESTION STYLES (Typical)

Define the term pathogen

Identify the type of pathogen from symptoms

Explain why antibiotics do not work on viruses

Compare bacterial and viral infections

Describe one method of pathogen transmission

📢 “If this video helped clarify pathogens, make sure to like and subscribe for more exam-focused science revision.
📘 Next video: The immune response — barriers, phagocytosis, and antibodies.
💬 Comment below if you want MCQs or past-paper questions on pathogens solved step-by-step.”