Scientific reasoning | Wikipedia audio article

Описание: This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Models_...


00:00:44 1 Accounts of scientific inquiry
00:01:07 1.1 Classical model
00:01:52 1.2 Pragmatic model
00:02:14 1.3 Logical empiricism
00:02:59 2 Choice of a theory
00:04:06 3 Aspects of scientific inquiry
00:04:29 3.1 Deduction and induction
00:05:14 3.1.1 Deduction
00:05:59 3.1.2 Induction
00:07:06 4 See also
00:07:28 5 Sources
00:07:51 6 Further reading
00:08:36 7 External links



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"I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think."
Socrates


SUMMARY
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In the philosophy of science, models of scientific inquiry have two functions: first, to provide a descriptive account of how scientific inquiry is carried out in practice, and second, to provide an explanatory account of why scientific inquiry succeeds as well as it appears to do in arriving at genuine knowledge.

The search for scientific knowledge ends far back into antiquity. At some point in the past, at least by the time of Aristotle, philosophers recognized that a fundamental distinction should be drawn between two kinds of scientific knowledge—roughly, knowledge that and knowledge why. It is one thing to know that each planet periodically reverses the direction of its motion with respect to the background of fixed stars; it is quite a different matter to know why. Knowledge of the former type is descriptive; knowledge of the latter type is explanatory. It is explanatory knowledge that provides scientific understanding of the world. (Salmon, 2006, pg. 3)

"Scientific inquiry refers to the diverse ways in which scientists study the natural world and propose explanations based on the evidence derived from their work."