Origin and global spread of Wolbachia and its relevance to human health- Brandon Cooper-10/26/2022

Описание: Table of Contents Below

October 26, 2022
Dr. Brandon Cooper, University of Montana.
In this webinar Dr. Cooper reports on his research on the intra- and interspecific spread of Wolbachia and the factors affecting these processes.

00:00 Speaker Introduction (David O’Brochta, Ph.D.)
00:50 Introductory remarks
02:23 Discovery of Wolbachia
03:12 Maternally transmitted Alphaproteobacteria
03:44 Distributed throughout host tissues
04:10 The genome 1.2 Mb
04:37 Manipulate host reproduction to favor their maternal transmission
05:45 CI provides a relative fitness advantage to infected females
08:07 Very strong CI drive Wolbachia to very high and stable frequencies in host populations
09:15 Disease (also pest) biocontrol: Population suppression
10:16 Disease biocontrol: Population replacement – reduce viral transmission
11:54 Simple Questions addressed today
12:42 How do Wolbachia infiltrate host lineages?
14:00 An ancestral population – speciation. Codivergence
14:55 Analysis of sister species -
16:17 We analyzed across 50 My of host evolution – no shared topology, no shared divergence times
17:56 We now know that Hymenoptera and Diptera host share recently diverged Wolbachia (350my)
18:58 Wolbachia are naturally moving horizontally
20:08 Within species prevalence – what determines prevalence?
20:48 Can vary over short distances – spittlebug data
21:06 West Africa – D. yakuba, D. santomea data
23:26 Prevalence can also vary globally and clinally
24:12 CI strength varies widely among Wolbachia variants and contexts.
27:38 What are the causes of CI strength variation?
27:50 Genetic contributions of host
28:06 Genetic contributions of CI and CI loci
31:10 cifB transcription a predictor of CI strength
33:05 Single nucleotides in Cif
34:30 What are the causes of Ci Strength variation? Review
35:41 Variable Wolbachia transmission rates
36:45 Rearing temperature influences
38:46 Modelling
40:25 Cellular basis of transmission variance
41:15 Local Adaptation
42:13 Genetic basis
42:47 wspB mutant
43:33 Global population genomic variation.
45:03 Summary
46:20 Acknowledgements
46:50 Q and A