Nabothian Cysts; small, mucus filled bumps that form on the surface of the cervix

Описание: Nabothian cysts are small, mucus-filled lumps that form on the surface of the cervix. They’re completely benign, often discovered incidentally during routine pelvic exams, and rarely cause symptoms or require treatment.

🧬 What Causes Nabothian Cysts?
The cervix contains mucus-producing glands called Nabothian glands.

When skin cells (squamous epithelium) grow over these glands—often after childbirth, inflammation, or minor trauma—they can block the gland openings, trapping mucus inside.

This trapped mucus forms a cyst, which appears as a small, smooth bump on the cervix.

🔍 Clinical Features
Size: Typically 2–10 mm, but can occasionally grow larger.

Appearance: Pale yellow, white, or amber-colored bumps.

Symptoms: Usually asymptomatic. Rarely, large cysts may cause:

Pelvic discomfort

Vaginal discharge

Postcoital bleeding

🩺 Diagnosis
Pelvic exam: Most are found during routine gynecological checkups.

Colposcopy: Used if the cyst appears unusual or large.

Ultrasound or MRI: May be used to confirm diagnosis or rule out other conditions.

Biopsy: Rarely needed, unless the cyst has atypical features or rapid growth2.

🛠️ Treatment
No treatment needed for most cases.

If symptomatic or unusually large, options include:

Electrocautery: Burning the cyst with a heated probe

Cryotherapy: Freezing the cyst with liquid nitrogen

🌟 Prognosis
Excellent. Nabothian cysts are not cancerous, do not increase cancer risk, and often resolve on their own.

They’re considered a normal part of cervical anatomy, especially in women who’ve had children or experienced cervical inflammation3.
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