SFTP vs FTPS - Understanding the differences between these two secure file transfer protocols

Описание: SFTP vs FTPS - Understanding the differences between these two secure file transfer protocols. Download free trial of FTP Server software at www.sysax.com

If you’ve ever needed to securely transfer files between systems, you’ve probably heard about SFTP and FTPS. They sound similar, but they’re actually two very different protocols with unique advantages. Today, we’ll break down what sets them apart and help you decide which one is right for your organization.

What is SFTP?
Let’s start with SFTP — the SSH File Transfer Protocol. It runs on top of the SSH protocol. That means it encrypts both the commands and the data, right from the start. It uses a single port — usually port 22 — which makes it simpler to configure through firewalls. Authentication is flexible: you can use a username and password, or even better, SSH keys for stronger security. In short, SFTP is widely trusted because it’s secure, reliable, and firewall-friendly.

What is FTPS?
Now, let’s look at FTPS — FTP Secure. It’s basically the traditional FTP protocol with SSL/TLS encryption added on top. That means your file transfers and login details are protected during transmission. FTPS can use multiple ports — one for commands, and others dynamically for data channels. Authentication relies on usernames and passwords, but can also use digital certificates for added security. FTPS is often a great choice if your organization already relies on SSL/TLS certificates for other systems.

Key Differences
So how do they compare?
Security: Both offer strong encryption. SFTP uses SSH, while FTPS uses SSL/TLS.
Port Management: SFTP needs only one port — easier for firewalls. FTPS often needs multiple ports, which can complicate setup.
Authentication: SFTP can leverage SSH keys, while FTPS supports certificates in addition to passwords.
Compatibility: FTPS is easier to integrate if you already use SSL certificates. SFTP tends to be more straightforward in cross-platform environments.

Think of it like this:
SFTP is a modern, firewall-friendly solution. FTPS is a secure upgrade to an older system that many businesses still use.

Use Cases
When should you use each?
SFTP is ideal for internal file transfers, automated backups, or when you want simplicity with strong security.
FTPS is often chosen by businesses in finance, healthcare, or e-commerce where compliance requires SSL/TLS — and where integration with existing certificate infrastructure is important.

At the end of the day, both are secure. The right choice depends on your organization’s infrastructure and compliance needs.

So there you have it — SFTP and FTPS demystified. Both offer secure file transfer, but they differ in how they handle encryption, authentication, and firewall configuration. If you want to simplify management, enforce compliance, and support both protocols, Sysax Multiserver has you covered. Visit sysax.com today for more information.