Hierarchical Structure of a computer

Описание: Welcome, Let's discuss the Hierarchical structure of a computer. A computer from a Hardware point of view is a masterpiece of electronics. There are millions of components combined to make a computer system so how will we understand the structure? We will use the hierarchical structure to understand this concept. Either we can use the top-down approach or the bottom-up approach to understand the structural components. Let's begin with the top-down hierarchical approach. Here we are not digging down to the bottom to the electronics and circuits level. We will view the components from a higher level of abstraction. I will make a separate video on the functions of the components.

At the top level, there are four basic components of a computer system. The Components are the Central Processing Unit, the Memory Unit, The Input/Output Unit and the Interconnection system.
Let's dig down to the Central Processing Unit. The central processing unit consists of The Arithmetic Logic Unit, The Control Unit and Memory.
Let's discuss the Memory Unit. The different types of memories available to a computer are Internal and External which are also known as primary and secondary Memories. The internal memory is divided again into two types which are CPU and Main Memory. The CPU Memory is again divided into two different types which are Register and Cache. A processor has some general-purpose and some special-purpose registers to store data and instructions during execution. Depeding on a CPU there may be different level of Cache Memories.
The Main memory is of two different types, which are RAM and ROM.
Let's discuss the different types of External memories. The different categories of secondary memories used in a computer are Magnetic Tape, Magnetic Disc, Optical and Electronic Memory.
Let's discuss The various Input/Output devices. Some of the commonly used input devices are Keyboard, Mouse, Joystick, Scanner, OMR, OCR, Microphone and Touch screen. And some popular Output devices are the Visual Display Unit and Printer.
Let's discuss the different types of Bus used in a computer. The different types of Bus are the Address Bus, The Control Bus and the Data Bus.
If we summarize then the diagram will look something like this.
So we have just discussed the various components of a general-purpose computer. We will discuss their functions in a separate video. Stay Connected by subscribing to the channel. Thank You.
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