Why Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) Matters in Modern Power Systems
Автор: ABDELAZIM SAID
Загружено: 2026-02-03
Просмотров: 40
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Introduction: When Electricity Is No Longer a Pure Sine Wave
In an ideal power system, voltage and current waveforms are perfectly sinusoidal. This assumption forms the foundation of classical power system theory, from impedance calculations to protection design. However, modern electrical networks are far from ideal.
Today’s grids are increasingly dominated by power electronic devices: variable speed drives, renewable energy inverters, HVDC converters, electric vehicle chargers, data centers, and consumer electronics. These devices fundamentally change the shape of electrical waveforms.
The result is a phenomenon that has become central to power quality analysis:
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD).
THD is not just a mathematical index—it is a direct measure of how far a real power system has drifted from its ideal operating condition. This is why almost every modern research paper, grid code, and industrial standard places strong emphasis on measuring, limiting, and reducing THD.
To understand why, we must return to the origin of harmonics and follow their impact step by step.
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