Aelia Capitolina

Описание: Aelia Capitolina, by Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=2632 / CC BY SA 3.0

#Jews_and_Judaism_in_the_Roman_Empire
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Aelia Capitolina （Traditional English Pronunciation: /ˈiːliə ˌkæpɪtəˈlaɪnə/; Latin in full: COLONIA AELIA CAPITOLINA） was a Roman colony founded during Emperor Hadrian's trip to Judah in 129/130, centered around Jerusalem, which had been almost
totally razed after the siege of 70 CE. The foundation of Aelia Capitolina and the construction of a temple to Jupiter at the site of the former temple may have been one of the causes for the outbreak of the Bar Kokhba revolt in 132.
Aelia Capitolina remained as the official name until Late Antiquity and the Aelia part of the name transliterated to Īlyāʾ was also used by the Umayyad Caliphate.
Aelia came from Hadrian's nomen gentile, Aelius, while Capitolina meant that the new city was dedicated to Jupiter Capitolinus, to whom a temple was built on the Temple Mount.
The Latin name Aelia is the source of the much later Arabic term Īlyāʾ （إيلياء）, a 7th-century Islamic name for Jerusalem.
The first coin issued at the mint of Aelia Capitolina about 130/132.
Reverse: COL[ONIA] AEL[IA] CAPIT[OLINA] COND[ITA] （'The founding of Colonia Aelia Capitolina'）, showing Hadrian while ploughing the first furrow.
The Madaba Map depiction of 6th-century Jerusalem has the Cardo Maximus, the town's main street, beginning at the northern gate （today's Damascus Gate）, and traversing the city in a straight line south to "Nea Church".
Jerusalem, once heavily rebuilt by Herod, was still in ruins following the decisive siege of the city, as part of the First Jewish–Roman War in AD 70.
According to Eusebius, the Jerusalem church...