Renewable Energy : Grade_12English Unit (8) Part 2

Описание: Grade 12 English UNIT 8

RENEWABLE ENERGY

Part (2)

သင်ခန်းစာ ပို့ချချက်

(ယခု ဗီဒီယိုသည် အခြေခံပညာ ကျောင်းသားကျောင်းသူများအတွက် သင်ရိုးတစ်ခုလုံး အခမဲ့ လွယ်ကူစွာလေ့လာနိုင်ရန် ရည်ရွယ်၍ တင်ဆက်ခြင်းဖြစ်ပါသည်။)

Read the passage.

Wind power

To create wind power, large turbines are placed on top of hills or offshore. Energy is generated when the wind turns wind turbines. Modern windmills or wind turbines can be utilized on a large scale or a small scale. Unlike hydropower, this process is relatively cheap and is considered one of the most affordable forms of energy today. In addition, it does not have harmful effects on the air or land it uses. One disadvantage is that if the wind stops blowing, all wind turbines stop working. Like hydropower, wind turbines can also be a threat to wildlife such as birds and bats in areas.

Solar energy

Electricity is generated when sunlight hits the photovoltaic cells on specially designed panels. The efficiency of the solar panels depends on their location _ the sunnier the place, the more efficient they are. Solar energy is popular in remote areas where there is no access to an electricity grid, but it is also used as a green alternative to power homes and buildings that are connected to the grid. This process of converting sunlight into electricity brings many benefits to our environment. It helps control air pollution, it causes no noise, and sunlight is a renewable source that will not get used up. However, a large area of land is needed to produce a large amount of solar power. In some countries, citizens turn to solar energy on their own, and governments encourage them to adopt solar power system.

Biomass Energy

Biomass is a biologically produced fuel made from dead plant and animal materials. It is considered to be the oldest source of renewable energy. Biomass energy has been used since humans first started burning wood for fire. The burning of biomass can be used to produce steam, which turns turbines and generates electricity. Biomass can re-grow over a relatively short period of time, whereas it takes hundreds of millions of years to form fossil fuels. By using biomass, which is made up of rubbish and other organic waste, we can produce the need to bury rubbish under the ground in a landfill. However, some people are worried that burning biomass causes global warming because it produces greenhouse gases. In addition, it can be expensive to use biomass to generate energy on a large scale.

Geothermal energy

Geothermal energy uses the heat within the earth to produce electricity and heat building. In other words, heat that is trapped in the ground can be converted into steam to turn turbines. Geothermal energy uses relatively simple technology, and this process causes no pollution. The most active geothermal resources are usually found in areas near volcanoes. The initial costs of setting up a geothermal power plant are very high, but once it is built, the running costs are low.

To conclude, using fossil fuels at a very rapid rate has serious harmful effects on the natural environment. Burning fossil fuels for heating, lighting, transportation, electricity, or manufacturing emits CO2 in the atmosphere. Nearly all climatologists agree that many environmental problems we are facing today are mainly caused by the consumption of huge amounts of fossil fuels. The biggest challenge we all are facing is to stop burning fossil fuels and start using renewable energy. Governments should take steps to get enough energy from renewable fuels to able to stop using fossil fuels completely. Before it is too late, it is important to reduce our negative impact on the natural environment as much as possible by using renewable energy instead of fossil fuels.

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