Pilotta Palace, Parma, Emilia-Romagna, Italy, Europe

Описание: The Palazzo della Pilotta, also called simply the Pilotta, is a vast complex of buildings located in the historic center of Parma, located between Piazzale della Pace and Lungoparma. The name comes from the game of pelota, practiced by the Spanish soldiers in the courtyard of Guazzatoio, originally said precisely of pelota. Built around 1580, during the last years of the Duchy of Ottavio Farnese, the building is built around the rider, a long arm straight on pillars, which linked the "Rocchetta Visconti" (of which you can see some traces along the Lungoparma), to Palazzo Ducale, then just a collection of houses inhabited temporarily by the court, which was located in the empty square of Peace. The ducal palace was partially destroyed, along with the theater Reinach and parts of Pilotta, by bombing in May 1944 and later demolished after the war. Only artist documented in the works is the Tuscan Giovanni Boscoli, but it is likely that the project is the military architect Francesco Paciotto, a close friend of the Duke, who called him back to Parma own in 1580. The yard, which was given to Simone Moschino, was built and designed by Ranuccio Farnese in 1602 but stopped in 1611, leaving him in a state of incompleteness where it still stands. The façade that was to be built facing the current Piazza Gravel was never built and the church of San Pietro Martire, belonging to the Dominicans who was wedged in the first of the courtyards, was never knocked down if not in recent times. The set of buildings spread so in three courtyards, respectively called St. Peter Martyr (today said Pilotta) of Guazzatoio (originally called "pelota") and said that the racket. Pilotta had to find a place in such a gigantic Salon (soon turned into the Teatro Farnese, a large stable, the homes of the grooms, the stables, the stable of mules, the coach house, the wardrobe, the Hall of the Academy and a series of tunnels to delimit large courtyards. Luigi Marchesi, View of the courtyard of Guazzatoio (1846). Pitti Palace, Gallery of Modern Art. This set of buildings was to include all the services side by side from the true residence, that is, the Palazzo Ducale. With the end of the Farnese family also ends the pageantry of this magnificent building, looted since the advent of Charles I who moved around the heritage Farnese in Naples. Only with Philip I of Bourbon is a partial revival of the building, which continue to this day. In the second half dell'Ottocendo the area of the former church of St. Peter Martyr was built Reinach Theatre, opened in 1871. In 1939 changed its name to Teatro Paganini and was almost completely destroyed, along with parts of the palace of the Pilotta, by bombing plane of May 1944, and then demolished. Even the old Ducal Palace was badly damaged and later demolished. Between 1986 and 2001, after a long and controversial design phase, was completed the redevelopment of Piazzale della Pace designed by Swiss architect Mario Botta, inserting the large garden and fountain that follows the perimeter of the former church St. Peter.