Cell division process of meiosis and mitosis

Описание: 🔹 Process of Mitosis

(Occurs in somatic/body cells – growth & repair)

1️⃣ Interphase (preparatory stage)
• Cell grows
• DNA replicates
• Chromosomes are not visible

2️⃣ Prophase
• Chromosomes condense and become visible
• Nuclear membrane disappears
• Spindle fibers form

3️⃣ Metaphase
• Chromosomes align at the equatorial plate
• Spindle fibers attach to centromeres

4️⃣ Anaphase
• Sister chromatids separate
• Move to opposite poles

5️⃣ Telophase
• Chromosomes decondense
• Nuclear membrane reforms

6️⃣ Cytokinesis
• Cytoplasm divides
• Two identical daughter cells formed

✅ Result: 2 diploid (2n) genetically identical cells

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🔹 Process of Meiosis

(Occurs in germ cells – sexual reproduction)
Meiosis has two divisions: Meiosis I & Meiosis II

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🔸 Meiosis I (Reduction Division)

1️⃣ Prophase I
• Homologous chromosomes pair (synapsis)
• Crossing over occurs (exchange of genes)
• Genetic variation created

2️⃣ Metaphase I
• Homologous chromosome pairs align at equator

3️⃣ Anaphase I
• Homologous chromosomes separate
• Sister chromatids remain together

4️⃣ Telophase I + Cytokinesis
• Two haploid (n) cells formed

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🔸 Meiosis II (Equational Division)

(Similar to mitosis)

5️⃣ Prophase II
• Chromosomes condense again

6️⃣ Metaphase II
• Chromosomes align at equator

7️⃣ Anaphase II
• Sister chromatids separate

8️⃣ Telophase II + Cytokinesis
• Four haploid, genetically different cells formed

✅ Result: 4 haploid (n) non-identical cells



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