Reactions of Alkenes (Part-A) | F.Sc | MDCAT I NCERT | CBSE Board | JEE | NEET I Wajid Ali Kamboh

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Reactions of Alkenes (Part-A) | F.Sc | MDCAT I NCERT | CBSE Board | JEE | NEET I Wajid Ali Kamboh

In this detailed lecture, we explore all major reactions of alkenes, including hydrogenation, addition of hydrogen halides, Markovnikov’s rule, inductive effect, carbocation stability, and electrophilic addition mechanisms.
A perfect video for FSc, Class 11–12, NEET, JEE, MDCAT, and all competitive exams.

⭐ Topics Covered in This Lecture
1️⃣ Reactions of Alkenes (Overview)

✔ Addition reactions: H₂, HX, H₂O, X₂
✔ Oxidation reactions: O₂, O₃, KMnO₄, combustion
✔ Polymerization reactions (Ethene → Polyethene)

⭐ 2️⃣ Hydrogenation of Alkenes (Catalytic Reduction)

✔ Definition: Addition of H₂ to C=C
✔ Catalysts: Pt, Pd, Ni, Raney Ni
✔ Moderate pressure (1–5 atm)
✔ Conversion of alkenes → alkanes
✔ Heat of hydrogenation (ΔHh):

Stability order: more substituted alkenes less substituted

Cis vs Trans alkene stability
✔ Industrial applications:

Vegetable oil + H₂ → Banaspati ghee
✔ Laboratory applications

⭐ 3️⃣ Raney Nickel (Preparation & Uses)

✔ Prepared from Ni–Al alloy + NaOH
✔ Finely divided, porous, high surface area catalyst
✔ Used for:

Hydrogenation of alkenes

Hydrogenation of benzene → cyclohexane

Conversion of 3-methyl-1-butene → isopentane

⭐ 4️⃣ Addition of Hydrogen Halides (HX: HCl, HBr, HI)

✔ General reaction:
C=C + HX → alkyl halide
✔ Reactivity order of hydrogen halides:
HI HBr HCl
✔ Reactivity order of alkenes toward HX
✔ Explanation of Markovnikov’s Rule
✔ Formation of carbocation intermediate

⭐ 5️⃣ Inductive Effect (+I and –I)

✔ Electron-donating groups (EDG) = +I
✔ Electron-withdrawing groups (EWG) = –I
✔ Role in:

Stability of intermediates

Directing effects

Electrophilic/nucleophilic nature of carbon atoms

⭐ 6️⃣ Carbocation Stability

✔ Order:
Tertiary Secondary Primary Methyl
✔ Reason:

Hyperconjugation

Inductive effect
✔ Importance in electrophilic addition mechanism
✔ Relation with rate of reaction + product formation

⭐ 7️⃣ Mechanism of Electrophilic Addition Reaction of Alkenes

✔ Step 1: Attack of electrophile (slow – RDS)
✔ Formation of carbocation
✔ Step 2: Attack of nucleophile
✔ Formation of alkyl halide (addition product)

🎯 This Lecture Is Perfect For:

✔ FSc / Class 11–12 Chemistry
✔ NEET / JEE aspirants
✔ MDCAT / ECAT preparation
✔ College & university organic chemistry
✔ Teachers preparing notes and presentations
CBSE, CISCE (ISC), NIOS
IB, IGCSE
• Board of Intermediate Education, Andhra Pradesh
• Assam Higher Secondary Education Council
• Bihar School Examination Board
• Chhattisgarh Board of Secondary Education
• Goa Board of Secondary & Higher Secondary Education
• Gujarat Secondary & Higher Secondary Education Board
• Haryana Board of School Education
• Himachal Pradesh Board of School Education
• Jammu & Kashmir State Board of School Education
• Jharkhand Academic Council
• KSEAB
• Kerala Board of Higher Secondary Education
• Maharashtra State Board of Secondary & Higher Secondary Education
• Madhya Pradesh Board of Secondary Education
• Council of Higher Secondary Education, Manipur
• Meghalaya Board of School Education
• Mizoram Board of School Education
• Nagaland Board of School Education
• Council of Higher Secondary Education, Odisha
• Punjab School Education Board
• Board of Secondary Education, Rajasthan
• Tamil Nadu State Board (Board of Higher Secondary Examinations)
• Tripura Board of Secondary Education
• Uttar Pradesh State Board of High School & Intermediate Education
• Uttarakhand Board of School Education
• West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Barisal
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Chattogram (Chittagong)
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Cumilla
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Dhaka
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Dinajpur
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Jashore (Jessore)
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Mymensingh
• Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Rajshahi

CBSE, JEE, NEET prep
CBSE, NCERT, JEE, NEET

Similar to top online learning platforms like Vedantu, Unacademy & PhysicsWallah, this lecture will help Class 12 students prepare effectively for CBSE, JEE, and NEET.”

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