Magnetic Field Due To A Current In A Straight Conductor And Loop/Class 10/Science

Описание: A magnetic field in a straight current-carrying wire is created when electric current flows through the conductor. The moving electric charges produce a magnetic field that forms concentric circular lines around the wire. The field is strongest near the wire and decreases in strength as the distance from the wire increases. The direction of the magnetic field can be determined by the right-hand thumb rule: if you hold the wire with your right hand so that your thumb points in the direction of the current, your curled fingers show the direction of the magnetic field lines. This effect, first observed by Hans Christian Ørsted, forms the basis of electromagnetism and is fundamental in understanding how current interacts with magnetic fields in electrical devices.


A magnetic field on a current-carrying loop is produced when electric current flows through a circular conductor. The moving charges generate a magnetic field that forms concentric circles around each segment of the wire, but due to the circular shape of the loop, these fields combine in such a way that they reinforce each other inside the loop and weaken outside it. Inside the loop, the magnetic field lines are nearly straight, parallel, and point in the same direction, creating a strong, uniform field. Outside the loop, the lines spread out and the field becomes weaker. The direction of the field can be determined using the right-hand rule: if you curl the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the current in the loop, your thumb points in the direction of the magnetic field inside the loop. This principle is the basis for electromagnets and is crucial in devices like motors, inductors, and sensors.