Polity Class 01 | UPPCS Prelims 2026 | Decode Company Rule

Описание: Company Rule (1773–1858) | कंपनी शासन काल is the MOST scoring part of Historical Development for UPPCS Prelims 2026.
Polity Class 1 Crash Course में Company Rule के सभी प्रमुख Acts & Laws — exam-ready revision with PYQ focus!

At a Glance:
Topic: Company Rule (1773–1858) – Constitutional Development
Authority/Body: British East India Company & British Parliament
GS Paper: Prelims – Indian Polity; Mains GS 2 – Constitutional Evolution
Exam Importance: 2–3 Direct Questions expected in UPPCS Prelims 2026

Context:
UPPCS में Historical Background से बार-बार questions आते हैं। 1773 से 1858 तक Company Rule के दौरान कई महत्वपूर्ण कानून (Acts) पास हुए जिन्होंने Indian Constitution की foundation रखी। Crown Rule समझने से पहले Company Rule clear होना जरूरी है।

Relevant for Which Paper?
UPPCS Prelims – Indian Polity (Historical Development of Constitution)
UPPCS Mains – GS Paper 2 (Evolution of Governance in India)

Deep Dive – High Yield Laws Made During Company Rule:

• Regulating Act 1773 – First step of Parliamentary control; Governor of Bengal became Governor-General (Warren Hastings). Supreme Court at Calcutta established (1774).

• Pitt’s India Act 1784 – Dual Control introduced (Board of Control + Court of Directors). Company’s political functions under British Government supervision.

• Charter Act 1813 – Ended Company’s trade monopoly except tea & China trade; Christian missionaries allowed.

• Charter Act 1833 – Governor-General of Bengal became Governor-General of India (Lord William Bentinck first). End of Company’s commercial activities.

• Charter Act 1853 – Open competition for Civil Services introduced; Legislative and Executive functions separated for the first time.

• Government of India Act 1858 – End of Company Rule; power transferred to British Crown.

Mains Edge – Critical Analysis:
Company Rule centralized administration and strengthened parliamentary oversight but lacked Indian representation. However, these Acts gradually introduced institutional governance, legislative councils and civil services framework — which later shaped the Indian Constitution.

Prelims MCQs Practice:

The Supreme Court at Calcutta was established under:
(a) Charter Act 1833
(b) Regulating Act 1773
(c) Pitt’s India Act 1784
(d) Charter Act 1853
Answer: (b)

Dual Control system was introduced by:
(a) Charter Act 1813
(b) Regulating Act 1773
(c) Pitt’s India Act 1784
(d) Government of India Act 1858
Answer: (c)

Open competition for Civil Services began under:
(a) Charter Act 1853
(b) Charter Act 1813
(c) Charter Act 1833
(d) Regulating Act 1773
Answer: (a)

Mains Practice Questions:

Discuss the constitutional significance of Company Rule in shaping Indian governance.

How did the Charter Acts contribute to centralization of administration in India?

Answer-First (People Also Ask Boost):
• What is Company Rule in Indian Polity?
• Which laws were made during Company Rule?
• What is Regulating Act 1773?
• What is Pitt’s India Act 1784?
• How did Charter Acts shape Indian Constitution?

Structured Polity revision with clarity by Best GS Faculty for UPPCS – Mohit Sir.

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