GUILFORD’S STRUCTURE-OF-INTELLECT THEORY. For B.Ed, OTET, OSSTET, CTET, TRT, KVS, NVS, UGC-NET

Описание: There are two distinct approaches to understand the nature of intelligence. The proponents of the first approach viewed intelligence as a single entity and developed their theories that take into account the biological reasons for intelligence. They view neural processing speed as the root of intelligence as such their theory has an effective causal explanation. The proponents of the second notion believed that intelligence is not a single or unitary ability, rather there are several intelligences. As for multiple intelligences, there are many theorists in that school of thought as well. Some of the theories presented by the proponents of multiple intelligences are excessive and have too many constructs to account for the explanation of intelligence. Guilford’s Structure-of-Intellect (SOI) Model is such a multiple intelligences theory.

In 1956, the first version of the Structure-of-Intellect (SOI) model was presented.
The structure of intellect defines intelligence as a systematic collection of abilities or functions for processing different kinds of items of information in various ways. Originally the SOI model included four types of mental contents dimension (figural, symbolic, semantic, and behavioural), five types of operations dimension (cognition, memory, evaluation, convergent production and divergent production), and six types of products dimension (units, classes, relations, systems, transformations, and implications), thus resulting in 120 factors, with over 100 having been empirically verified. This model is represented as a cube with each of the three dimensions occupying one side. Many of the abilities are believed to be correlated with each other. The model also suggests where new abilities may be discovered based on existing abilities.
Subsequently, Guilford (1977) modified his model and divided figural factor of the content dimension into visual and auditory factors, thus making five types of the contents dimension, instead of the original four types. In the modified version the number of cells became 150 (5 contents × 5 Operations × 6 Products= 150 cells). The definition given by Guilford for each of these is too lengthy to present here; they will be described very briefly.