English Grammar: Present Perfect For New Information 👍

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In this video we are going to look at how the Present Perfect Tense can be used to talk about new information or news.
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When I ask my students, ‘When do we use the Present Perfect tense?’ one answer that I often get is ‘to talk about something in the past that happened recently’.
This is wrong. None of the tenses in English are used to talk specifically about things that are either close to now or a long time from now. All tenses can be used for the short term or the long term.
Having said that, the Present perfect tense is often, but not always, used to refer to things that happened recently, things that the person you are talking to will be hearing for the first time. But remember, although we often use it like this, it is not meaning of the tense.
We covered the main concept of the tense in the fist video of this series, basically it is about the present moment and how it is affected by something in the past.
Look at this example. ‘Jane has had an accident’.
In this case it is probably true that jane had an accident recently. But you could also say a similar sentence in Past Simple ‘Jane had an accident this morning’. So Past Simple can also be used to talk about recent events.
The main reason we are using the Present Perfect is that we are talking about an event from the past but emphasising the effect that its having on now. In the context, the person we are talking to is unlikely to know about Jane’s accident and be hearing about it for the first time.
In Past simple Jane’s accident is information that does not affect us is the same way that it does if we use Present Perfect. We are just saying that it happened. Maybe it wasn't a bad accident and now everything is fine, or maybe ‘Jane’ is not someone we know very well just someone we are hearing about.

Lets look at some more examples.
Here are some more examples of the Present Perfect tense being used in this way.
I have broken my leg.
The police have caught the thief.
Peter has won the race.
Lydia has had a baby.
Tim has seen that film.
You have finished this lesson.

So this is why people often think Present perfect is about recent events, it often is, but not always. For this use of the tense, it is better to think about the person we are talking to. What we are saying should be new information for them. It doesn't matter if it’s recent or not.
Present Perfect has lots of uses and this is why it is very difficult to understand. We have made some more videos to examine the other ways the present perfect is used in more detail. Check the description for link to these other videos.
We did an Introduction to the main concept of the tense.
Sometimes we use the present perfect to talk about experiences from the past.
Or we can talk about things that have happened within a period of time up until now.
We often use the adverbs Just, Already and Yet with the present perfect as well as the adverbs ever and never.
As we saw in this video, Present perfect if often confused with the passed simple so we will look at that in more detail and do a comparison.
We will also look at how the present perfect is used differently in British and American English.
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