java treemap submap

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sure! in java, the `treemap` class is part of the `java.util` package and implements the `navigablemap` interface. it is a red-black tree based implementation of the `sortedmap` interface. one of the powerful features of `treemap` is its ability to create submaps.

what is a submap?

a submap is a view of a portion of the map that contains all the key-value mappings within a specified range. this means you can create a submap that contains entries with keys between two specified values.

key methods for submaps

the `treemap` class provides several methods to create submaps:
`submap(k fromkey, k tokey)`: returns a view of the portion of this map whose keys range from `fromkey`, inclusive, to `tokey`, exclusive.
`headmap(k tokey)`: returns a view of the portion of this map whose keys are strictly less than `tokey`.
`tailmap(k fromkey)`: returns a view of the portion of this map whose keys are greater than or equal to `fromkey`.

code example

here's a simple example illustrating how to use the `submap` method with a `treemap`:



explanation of the code:
1. **creating and populating the treemap**:
a `treemap` is created and populated with integer keys and string values.

2. **displaying the original treemap**:
the entire `treemap` is printed to the console.

3. **creating a submap**:
a submap is created that includes keys from `3` (inclusive) to `6` (exclusive). the resulting submap will include entries with keys `3`, `4`, and `5`.

4. **creating a headmap**:
a headmap is created that includes all keys less than `5`. it will include keys `1`, `2`, `3`, and `4`.

5. **creating a tailmap**:
a tailmap is created that includes all keys greater than or equal to `4`. it will include keys `4`, `5`, `6`, and `7`.

output
when you run the program, the output will be:



conclusion
this tutorial covered the basics of using submaps in a `treemap`. you can create submaps to efficiently manage and access portions of a sorted ...

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