AP Biology: Chi-Square Analysis Review & Practice (Chi-Squared Test, Null Hypothesis, Degrees of Fre

Описание: Learn chi-square analysis for AP Biology with step-by-step practice problems. This review covers the chi-squared test, null hypothesis, degrees of freedom, and critical values you need to understand for the AP exam.

Chi-square analysis helps you determine if variation in data is due to chance or another variable. We break down the equations provided on the AP exam and walk through multiple practice problems including guinea pig genetics, dihybrid crosses, and phenotype ratios. You'll learn how to compare calculated values to critical values and when to reject the null hypothesis.

⏱️ TIMESTAMPS:
0:00 Welcome and Introduction
0:33 Sharing Slides and Setup
1:04 PowerPoint Adjustments
2:09 Starting Chi-Square Overview
3:10 Variation and Data Analysis
4:11 Equations and Formulas
5:15 Key Vocabulary Explained
6:17 Degrees of Freedom
7:48 Critical Value Comparison
8:50 Chi-Square Table Usage
9:58 Purpose of Chi-Square
11:31 Analogy for Remembering
13:37 Checking Chat and Dog
14:40 Practice Problems Begin
15:12 Guinea Pig Example
17:51 Observed vs Expected
19:55 Null Hypothesis Setup
21:28 Calculations for Black
23:03 White Guinea Pigs Math
24:37 Table Lookup and Rejection
26:10 Critical Value Explanation
28:14 Cat Hair Example
30:18 Expected Values Calculation
33:28 Chi-Square Results
35:02 Dihybrid Cross Wolves
37:40 Phenotype Ratios
39:14 Expected and Observed
41:37 Critical Value Comparison
43:10 Carrion Beetle Example
44:43 F2 Generation Ratios
46:17 Expected Phenotypes
48:26 Final Calculations
49:31 Conclusion and Wrap-Up

📝 WHAT YOU'LL LEARN:
• How to use chi-square analysis in genetics problems
• When to reject or accept the null hypothesis
• How to calculate degrees of freedom and find critical values
• Practice with observed vs expected values
• Real AP-style problems with dihybrid crosses

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