Drug Transport Mechanism In Biological Membrane | Drug Transport Across Cell Membrane | Pharmacology

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Drug Transport Mechanism In Biological Membrane

Movement of drug molecule after their absorption is very important to get their pharmacological action. transportation is a process by which drug molecule moves from the site of administration to the bloodstream via a different mechanism to show effect.

There are few mechanisms of drug transport-
(1) Passive diffusion
(2) Filtration
(3) Bulk transport
(4) Active transport
(5) carrier medicated or Facilitated transport
(6) Endocytosis including- pinocytosis and phagocytosis
(7) Exocytosis

(1)- Passive Diffusion- Passive transport is a movement of ions and other atomic or molecular substances across cell membranes without the need of energy input. Unlike active transport, it does not require an input of cellular energy because it is instead driven by the tendency of the system to grow in entropy.
(2) Filtration- Filtration is the movement of a fluid (a mixture of several molecules) from a region of high pressure to a region of low pressure. this depends on the molecular weight of drug molecules. more than 100 are not included in it.
(3) Bulk flow- this slightly differs from filtration as this involve the wider capillary size and the size of the capillary is about 40 Armstrong
(4) Active Transport- In cellular biology, active transport is the movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of their lower concentration to a region of their higher concentration—against the concentration gradient. Active transport requires cellular energy to achieve this movement
(4) Facilitated Transport- In this case also the carrier proteins are required, but the transfer is occurred due to absorption of another molecule, which facilitates the movement of the drug molecule.
The glucose is transported along with sodium from the GIT membrane. this need carrier molecule.
Example: fluorouracil

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