The DNA of the Irish: our true ancestors turned out to be different from whom we thought they were

Описание: 🔬Why the first Irish were dark-skinned with blue eyes
🧬How Ireland’s gene pool was completely rewritten 4,000 years ago
🏛 Why the elite of Newgrange practiced incest to preserve power
🗺Why an Irish person from Dublin and a Bashkir share a common ancestor from Asia

Genetics doesn’t lie. And its answers will surprise you.

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The material is based on scientific articles from pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:

Y-Chromosome and the Origin of the Irish

Haplogroup R1b-M269: 85.4% of Irish men: PMC1380239
Irish Modal Haplotype (IMH): 8.2% on the island, 16.9% in the northwest: PMC1380239
IMH is linked to the Uí Néill dynasty (1,730 ± 670 years ago): PMC1380239
Global descendants of IMH: 2–3 million people worldwide: PMC1380239

Maternal Origins and Atlantic Heritage

Paleolithic origin of mtDNA: 87% (Mesolithic, ~15,000 years ago): PMC1182057
Iberian refugium as the source of the settlement of Ireland: PMC1182057
Absence of the Central European marker J1a (refuting the Iron Age hypothesis): PMC1182057
Atlantic zone: Iberia → western France → Ireland → Scotland → Norway: PMC1182057

Genetic Structure of Modern Ireland

10 genetic clusters (7 Gaelic + 3 mixed): PMC5722868
Extremely fine genetic structure (F_st = 0.00030, the lowest in Europe): PMC5722868
Clusters correspond to historic kingdoms: Ulster, Connacht, Leinster, Munster: PMC5722868

Historical Migrations

Vikings (788–1052 AD): ~20% Norwegian ancestry in Ireland: PMC5722868
Ulster Plantation (17th–18th centuries): English and Scottish settlers: PMC5722868
N Ireland II (1680), N Ireland III (1710), N Ireland I (1770): PMC5722868

European Ancestry

Northwestern France: 50% of the European ancestry in Irish clusters: PMC5722868
Denmark/Sweden: 15–20%; Norway: 10–15%: PMC5722868
Germanic component is minimal (unlike English clusters): PMC5722868

Demographic History and Migration

Temporal changes in migration barriers (100 and 15 generations ago): PMC11986122
Stable corridor between northeastern Ireland and southwestern Scotland: PMC11986122
Analysis of 6,574 individuals with geolocated ancestors (4 generations): PMC11986122

Refuting the Central European Hypothesis

No Central European genetic signals in mtDNA and the Y-chromosome: PMC1182057
Local development of Celtic culture over millennia: PMC1182057
Paleolithic heritage dominates over Neolithic and later origins: PMC1182057

Ancient Samples Confirm the Theory

Ballynahatty (Neolithic, 3343–3020 BC): homogeneous origin of all clusters: PMC5722868
Rathlin1 (Bronze Age, 2026–1534 BC): affinity with Connacht and Dublin: PMC5722868

Key Sources

PMC1380239 (Moore et al. 2006) — Y-chromosome and Uí Néill
PMC1182057 (McEvoy et al. 2004) — Long-term continuity of genetic origins
PMC5722868 (Gilbert et al. 2017) — Irish DNA Atlas
PMC11986122 (Shanmugam et al. 2025) — Demographic history of Ireland and Britain