Sugar Production | O Level Notes Agricultural 5038

Описание: The growing of sugarcane is a commercial activity which brings a lot of foreign currency into the country. The largest activities of sugar cane farming are done in Chiredzi and Hippo Valley. Sugar cane has several uses.



Uses

 For blending ethanol

 For brewing beer.

 For making confectionaries e.g. sweets.

 For molasses for livestock feed.

 Used as a sticker for innoculants.

 Used as a bagasse for innoculating beans.



Soil requirements

 Optimum temperature vary from 25-28o c

 Favours rainfall of about 1000mm- 1250mm per year.

 Requires dry periods during maturity to allow accumulation of sucrose in the cane tissues.



Land preparation

 Ploughing, disc harrowing, rolling, and rotation of oil to give a fine tilth is done.

 Construct ridges.



Varieties

 Nco 376

 N52

 N219



Planting material

 Use seed cuttings of a length of 25-30cm and each to have 2-3 buds.



Spacing

 1- 1,5m x 250mm in row spacing.



Planting time

-Done during the rain seasons or in summer.



Planting methods

 Done by hands



Pests

(a) Migratory locusts

They eat foliage of sugar cane plants.



Control

-Spray with carbaryl



b) Termites

 They eat stems, roots.



Control

 Use dieldrin or aldrin or phostoxi tablets.



Harvesting

 Mature cane is burnt to destroy dry leaves, chase wild animals, reduce irritation to harvesters.

 Stalks are cut down at ground level using sharp knives.

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