Sibling in Tree DSA

Описание: 🌳 Sibling in Tree DSA – Full Explanation | Tree Data Structure Basics | DSA for Beginners

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Understanding tree terminology is extremely important in Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA), and one of the most commonly asked concepts in interviews is “Sibling in Tree”. Whether you're preparing for placements, college exams, or trying to strengthen your foundation in DSA, knowing what a sibling node is, how it works, where it is used, and how it appears in real tree structures is essential.
In this video, we explain Sibling in Tree in the simplest possible way with clear examples, diagrams, and logic so that every student can understand the concept deeply and remember it for life.

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Let’s go deep into the concept.

🌲 What Is a Sibling in Tree (DSA)? – Complete Definition

In Tree Data Structure, a Sibling is defined as:

👉 Two or more nodes that share the same parent node.

This means that if two nodes come from one parent, they are considered siblings. Just like in real life, brothers and sisters share the same parents; in trees, nodes that come from the same parent are siblings.

So the formal definition becomes:

“Two nodes in a tree are called siblings if they have the same parent node.”

This concept applies to Binary Trees, General Trees, N-ary Trees, Binary Search Trees, and almost every type of hierarchical data structure.

🌿 Why Are Siblings Important in DSA?

Siblings play a major role in many operations and algorithms such as:

1️⃣ Tree Traversals

During Breadth First Search (BFS) or Level Order Traversal, siblings appear naturally on the same level.

2️⃣ N-ary Trees

In multi-child trees, siblings help in navigating nodes at the same depth.

3️⃣ Heaps

Binary Heaps (Max-Heap / Min-Heap) often rely on sibling relationships when comparing children of a node.

4️⃣ Representing Real-World Hierarchies

Family trees, organization charts, file-system directories, category trees—all use the sibling concept.

5️⃣ Interview Questions

Companies like Google, Amazon, Meta, Microsoft often ask:

How to check if two nodes are siblings?

Print all sibling nodes?

Find missing siblings?

Convert a tree to sibling representation?

🌻 Properties of Sibling Nodes
✔ Same Parent

They must originate from the same parent.

✔ Same Level

Siblings always exist on the same depth of the tree.

✔ Ordered or Unordered

In some trees, siblings have a left-to-right order (like binary trees).
In others, order doesn’t matter (like general trees).

✔ May Have Their Own Children

Siblings may branch further but still remain on the same parent level.

🌼 Real-Life Examples of Sibling Nodes
✦ Family Tree

Brothers and sisters share the same parents.

✦ Corporate Structure

All employees working under the same manager are siblings.

✦ Computer File System

All files inside the same folder are siblings.

✦ Organization Category Tree

All categories under the same main category are siblings.

🌙 Coding Questions Where “Sibling” Concept Matters

Your interviewer may ask:

🔹 Find if two nodes are siblings
🔹 Print all siblings of a given node
🔹 Count number of siblings
🔹 Convert tree into a sibling list
🔹 Check sibling relationship in N-ary trees
🔹 Pair up sibling nodes

Such questions test your understanding of tree structure, parent pointers, and traversal logic.

🌐 Sibling in Tree – Key Interview FAQs
❓ Are sibling nodes always adjacent?

Not necessarily. In N-ary trees, siblings may not be adjacent.

❓ Can siblings be in different levels?

No. Siblings must be at the same level.

❓ Can a node have no sibling?

Yes. If a parent has only one child.

❓ Are cousins and siblings the same?

No. Cousins share grandparents, not parents.

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