🌹¹³☆•³ ¹Lobana लोहबान , Indian Frankincense (Boswellia serrata) in Incense Tree Family (Burseraceae)

Описание: ▪︎ Luban, Lobana लोबान/लोहबान , Indian Frankincense (Boswellia serrata) in Torchwood/Incense Tree Family (Burseraceae) endemic to India, on dry hills & slopes, on gravelly soils between an altitude range of 275-900 m.

• Hindi: शल्लकी Shallaki, Kundur, Luban

Is a deciduous tree is a medium sized tree, 3-5 m tall, but can grow up to 20 m tall, with ash coloured papery bark.

Alternately arranged leaves are pinnate, crowded at the end of branches, 20-40 cm long. There are 8-15 pairs of leaflets, 3-6 cm long, with an odd one at tip. Leaflets are ovate, with toothed margin.

Flowers are tiny, Creamy, about 8 mm across, borne in 10-15 cm long racemes in leaf axils. 10 Stamens with a short style and a 3-lobed stigma.

Fruits are 2 cm long, 3-cornered.

Flowering: January.

Extracts been clinically studied for osteoarthritis and joint function, particularly for osteoarthritis of knee.

😎 Burning Sher - Bur + ser - Incense
• Torchwood/Incense Tree Family (Burseraceae) are native primarily to tropical America, but a few species occur in Africa & Asia. Many species dominate forests or woodlands in which they grow. Burseraceae is also known as Frankincense Family & a number of its species are economically important for their fragrant resins.

Members of family have compound leaves that alternate along stem & are composed of numerous leaflets.

Many species have flaky bark that is Grayish to Red in colour & stems & trunk exude colourless to White resins.

Plants bear solitary or clustered flowers & fleshy fruits.

Largest Genus of Family - Commiphora • 170 - Myrrhe, Corkwood Trees, is found mostly in drier areas of northeastern Africa & Madagascar & from Arabia to India. Myrrh is resin from plants of Genus, especially (Commiphora myrrha) & (Commiphora erythraea. (Commiphora opobalsamum) furnishes balm of Gilead.

Boswellia • 22 - Frankincense - Oleo-gum-resin from several species are called frankincense, was used in biblical times in incense, in medicine & for embalming.

Most important timber tree of Family is probably Gaboon Mahogany (Aucoumea klaineana) of West Africa used for veneers & plywood.

Bursera • 122 is found in tropical America with its centre of diversity in Mexico. Gumbo-limbo or Incense Tree (Bursera simaruba) has light reddish brown wood that is used for fishing floats; its fragrant resin is used in incense. It & other members of Bursera are exploited for turpentine or elemi (an oily resin) in tropical America.

Protium • 138 occurs mostly in wet lowland areas of tropical America but with a few species in Madagascar & Malaysia. In tropical America, Copal (Protium copal) & several related species are tapped for their resins, which have been used in Central America in incense for religious purposes since pre-Columbian times

Canarium • 123 occurs in forests of Old World tropics. Indian Black Dammar Tree (Canarium strictum) & Java Almond (Canarium commune) of Indo-Malaysia, a source of Manila elemi, also produce commercially valuable resins. Seed of latter, which is cultivated in Australia, is edible, as are those of several other East Asian species, which also may be processed to produce cooking oil. Fruits of (Canarium album) are eaten like olives.

Dacryodes • 70 is found primarily in Old World tropics.

Mexican genus Beiselia • 1 consists of one species, (Beiselia mexicana) which is listed as an endangered species.
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🌹 Clade Superrosids • 105033, 4108 Genera
☆¹⁸ Order Saxifragales • 3290, 127
♤ Clade Rosids • 101743, 3981
○ ☆¹⁷ Order Vitales • 1020, 20
○ ♤ Clade Eurosids • 100723, 3961
● ♤ Clade Fabids • 65348, 2252
● ♤ Clade Malvids • 35375, 1709

♤ Clade Fabids • 65348, 2252
☆¹ Order Zygophyllales • 308, 27
☆² Order Celastrales • 1333, 101
☆³ Order Oxalidales • 2044, 59
☆⁴ Order Malpighiales • 19586, 784
☆⁵ Order Fabales • 24063, 833
☆⁶ Order Rosales • 13001, 302
☆⁷ Order Cucurbitales • 3323, 111
☆⁸ Order Fagales • 1690, 35

♤ Clade Malvids • 35375, 1709
☆⁹ Order Geraniales • 822, 16
☆¹⁰ Order Myrtales • 14902, 389
☆¹¹ Order Crossosomatales • 65, 13
☆¹² Order Picramniales • 52, 4
☆¹³ Order Sapindales • 6828, 484
☆¹⁴ Order Huerteales • 30, 6
☆¹⁵ Order Malvales • 7474, 352
☆¹⁶ Order Brassicales • 5202, 445
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☆¹³ Order Sapindales • 6831, 484
•¹ Family Anacardiaceae • 943, 82 - Cashew/Sumac
•² Biebersteiniaceae • 4, 1
•³ Burseraceae • 754, 20 - Torchwood/Incense Tree
•⁴ Kirkiaceae • 6, 1
•⁵ Meliaceae • 777, 57 - Mahogany
•⁶ Nitrariaceae • 16, 4
•⁷ Rutaceae • 2236, 153 - Rue/Citrus
•⁸ Sapindaceae • 1967, 143 - Reetha/Soapberry
•⁹ Simaroubaceae • 128, 23
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•³ Family Burseraceae • 754, 20 - Torchwood/Incense Tree

▪︎ Genus Ambilobea • 1
Aucoumea • 1
Beiselia • 1
Boswellia • 22 - Frankincense
Bursera • 122
Canarium • 123
Commiphora • 170 - Myrrhe, Corkwood Trees
Crepidospermum • 6
Dacryodes • 70
Garuga • 4
Haplolobus • 29
Pachylobus • 19
Protium • 138
Pseudodacryodes • 1
Rosselia • 1
Santiria • 16
Scutinanthe • 2
Tetragastris • 7
Trattinnickia • 20
Triomma • 1
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