Walk through the magnificent ancient Roman city of Gerasa / Jerash near Amman | Trip to Jordan 2023

Описание: Gerasa in present-day Jerash is one of the largest and best preserved late antique cities in the Middle East. Magnificent colonnaded streets, gates and squares, two imposing temples and theaters, the remains of numerous early Byzantine churches and Umayyad buildings in the hilly landscape along a wadi make Gerasa one of the most popular destinations in Jordan.
Gerasa or Jerash is located in northern Jordan and about 40 kilometers north of Amman. The ancient city of Gerasa was part of the so-called Decapolis; the well-preserved ruins are now a tourist attraction. The modern city has about 40,000 inhabitants and is the administrative center of the governorate of Jarash.
The first traces of human settlement in Gerasa date back to the 6th millennium B.C. Bronze Age and Iron Age traces have been preserved. The name Gerasa also comes from these times. Probably later the place belonged to the Northern Kingdom of Israel.
The city, insignificant until the 1st century AD, experienced a rapid rise under Roman rule and under the Roman peace. It became part of the province of Syria and a member of the Decapolis in 64 B.C. and increasingly rivaled the older Petra as a trading city. Its inhabitants mined ore in the nearby Adschlun Mountains. From the middle of the first century, this boom led to lively building activity and a rich abundance of architectural monuments that is still impressive today.
In 106 AD, Gerasa became part of the new Roman province of Arabia Petraea. In the following decades, the Roman wars of expansion in the Near East led to a further increase in its importance; well-developed roads to Pella, Philadelphia, Dion and to the provincial capital Bos(t)ra were built. Emperor Hadrian paid a visit to the city in the winter of 129/130. In late antiquity, the political situation in the region changed radically and the city lost importance. Nevertheless, the upper class remained prosperous. This period also saw the establishment of Christianity and the construction of many churches in the city. Gerasa had its own bishop - even today it is a titular bishopric -; Bishop Placcus (or Plancus) participated in the Council of Chalcedon in 451.
Between 613 and 630 the Sassanids ruled the place. Then, soon after 636, the city fell to the Muslim Arabs. After an earthquake in 658, the so-called Cathedral of Gerasa was abandoned. The portico, which was subsequently repaired, was left to its own devices from the first half of the 8th century, and at times the area was used as a landfill. Another earthquake in 749 caused the collapse of the structure. The earthquake of 749 had devastating consequences for Gerasa, as it did for the entire region. However, more recent research shows that there was not an abrupt settlement collapse, but rather a prolonged period of decline.
During the Crusader period, Gerasa seems to have remained uninhabited. However, Fulcher of Chartres and William of Tyre mention an episode according to which in 1121 King Balduin II captured and subsequently destroyed a fortress in Gerasa that had been built only the year before by Tughtigin, the Atabeg of Damascus. This fortress has not yet been archaeologically proven.
There is also evidence of building from the Ayyubid-Mamluk period. Already at the beginning of the 13th century, however, the city is completely deserted according to the Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī.
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Chapters
00:00 Start around Hadrian's Arch
05:20 Exploration of the Hippodrome Circus Area
11:46 At the South Gate
17:47 Walking around the magnificent public place Oval Forum
23:23 On the main street Cardo Maximus
26:33 Exploring the Macellum food market
34:32 On the main crossroads of Gerasa
36:19 At the entrance to the cathedral
36:27 Exploring the former main water source of the Nymphaeum
39:58 At the West Propylaeum of the Sanctuary of Artemis
42:51 Climbing the stairs to the altar terrace
44:54 Tour outside the Artemis Temple
47:07 Exploring the Temple of Artemis
50:33 Looking down on the Church of St. Theodore
52:06 Walking with a wonderful panoramic view of Gerasa
55:27 At the gates of the South Theatre
56:27 Inside the beautiful South Theatre with a perfect view of Gerasa
01:06:02 Walking around the outside of the Jupter Temple
01:10:47 Exploring the interior of the Temple of Jupiter
01:15:48 Incredible view down to the Oval Forum

English title: Walk through the magnificent ancient Roman city of Gerasa / Jerash near Amman | Trip to Jordan 2023
#gerasa #jerash #romanempire