Alkane | Sources and methods of Preparation of Alkane | ch#12 | 10th class chemistry

Описание: Alkane | Sources and methods of Preparation of Alkane | ch#12 | 10th class chemistry


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ALKANES
The simplest hydrocarbons are alkanes. In these compounds, all the bonds of carbon atoms
are single that means valencies of carbon atoms are saturated. Therefore, they are least
reactive. That is the reason, alkanes are called paraffins (para means less, and affins means
affinity or reactivity)

Sources of Alkanes
1. The main sources of alkanes are petroleum and natural gas.
2. Methane forms about 85% of natural gas.
3. All the alkanes are obtained commercially by the fractional distillation of crude petroleum.
4. Marsh gas is formed by the bacterial decay of vegetable matter contains mostly methane.
5. Fuel gases obtained from coal gas contain alkanes in small amounts.
6. Methane occurs in gobar gas, sewage gas and biogas which are formed by the decomposition
of cattle dung, excreta and plant wastes