Defining private module functions in python

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Title: Defining Private Module Functions in Python
Introduction:
In Python, there is no strict concept of private methods or functions like some other programming languages (e.g., Java or C++). However, Python follows a naming convention that can be used to signal that a function or method should be treated as private and not accessed directly by external code. In this tutorial, we will explore how to define and use "private" module functions in Python using naming conventions.
In Python, a widely accepted convention for indicating that a function should be treated as private is to prefix its name with an underscore (_). By using this convention, you are signaling to other developers that a function is not intended to be part of the module's public API, and they should avoid using it directly. It's important to note that this is just a convention; Python does not enforce access control in the same way that some other languages do.
Let's create a simple Python module with a public function and a private function to demonstrate how this naming convention works.
In the example above, we have defined two functions: public_function and _private_function. The latter is considered private because its name starts with an underscore.
In the main.py script, we import the my_module module and call both the public and private functions. You'll notice that you can call the private function without any errors, but you should generally avoid doing so because it's considered part of the module's internal implementation and not intended for external use.
Private functions are a way to encapsulate and hide the implementation details of a module. They can be useful for maintaining a clean and clear interface for users of your module. By using this naming convention, you communicate to other developers that certain functions are not part of the public API and should not be relied upon. This can help prevent unintended dependencies and make it easier to maintain and update your code in the future.
In Python, private module functions are not enforced by the language, but a naming convention using underscores (_), as demonstrated in this tutorial, is widely followed to indicate which functions should be considered private and not used directly by external code. This convention helps improve code organization and maintainability, and it's a good practice to follow when designing your Python modules.
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