The Norse Calendar Explanation

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Sources
Our Traditions by Vegard Solheim
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Andreas Nordberg
Online article: https://www.academia.edu/1366945/Jul_...

Andreas Zautner, Lunisolar Calendar
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Heimskringla
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Sagas of the Icelanders
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Tacitus, Germania
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Bede, The reckoning of time
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Adam of Bremmen
https://amzn.to/3qrcALs

The Vikings had a lunar calendar which means they counted the months from new moon to new moon or full moon to full moon. The word month is actually still referred to as the moon in Scandinavia, which in Danish and Norwegian is called måned. The Viking calendar reflected the seasons: How high the sun was in the sky, access to food and fertility. The year was divided into two equally long periods – summer and winter. A person's age was counted in the number of winters he or she had lived. The Germanic peoples adapted the system introduced by the Romans by substituting the Germanic deities for the Roman ones (with the exception of Saturday) in a process known as interpretatio germanica. The date of the introduction of this system is not known exactly, but it must have happened later than AD 200 but before the introduction of Christianity during the 6th to 7th centuries, i.e., during the final phase or soon after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. This period is later than the Common Germanic stage, but still during the phase of undifferentiated West Germanic. The names of the days of the week in North Germanic languages were not calqued from Latin directly, but taken from the West Germanic names.