Anemia & Genomics | Latest Prevention Tools | BLOOD CANCER

Описание: Anemia & Genomics | What is latest in medical science to prevent BLOOD CANCER

Latest research as of 2025–2026 focuses heavily on precision medicine, immune-based therapies, and targeted drug delivery to reduce the need for chemotherapy and improve long-term survival in blood cancers. For anemia, advancements highlight novel iron formulations and managing anemia of chronic disease through hepcidin inhibition.
1. Blood Cancer Research (2025–2026)
Causes & Mechanism Research
Targeting Resistance: Research shows that BTK (Bruton tyrosine kinase) degraders are highly effective in overcoming resistance to standard inhibitors in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL).
Genetic Drivers: The Philadelphia chromosome (BCR-ABL1 protein) remains a primary focus, but newer research focuses on mutations in Myelofibrosis and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) to develop better targeted, rather than generalized, treatments.
Tumor Microenvironment: Studies are exploring how the immune microenvironment allows blood cancers to thrive, particularly in myeloma.
Prevention & Early Detection
Liquid Biopsy: Advances in evaluating circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in blood tests allow for detecting relapse earlier and monitoring disease in real-time.
Minimal Residual Disease (MRD): Highly sensitive tests are used to detect minute amounts of cancer, allowing for more tailored therapy duration.
Cure & Treatment Breakthroughs
CAR T-Cell Therapy Expansion: In 2025, CAR T-cell therapy continued to move from relapsed to earlier-line treatment for B-cell cancers, including India-designed options (NexCAR19).
In Vivo CAR T: Researchers are developing methods to modify T-cells inside the body (in vivo), rather than in a lab, which could make therapy faster and more accessible.
Bispecific/Trispecific Antibodies: These "off-the-shelf" immunotherapies, such as Lynozyfic, bind simultaneously to cancer and immune cells, showing high efficacy in multiple myeloma.
Menin Inhibitors: New targeted therapies (revumenib) are being successfully used for AML with specific genetic mutations.
Reduced Chemotherapy: Combination therapies like venetoclax + azacitidine are proving effective in younger AML patients, often removing the need for intensive chemotherapy.
2. Anemia Research (2025–2026)
Causes & Pathophysiology
Hepcidin Axis: The role of hepcidin in blocking iron absorption during inflammation (Anemia of Chronic Disease) is now better understood, paving the way for targeted drugs.
Anemia of Cancer: Primarily due to myelosuppression, but often exacerbated by iron deficiency due to chronic inflammation.
Prevention & Management
Novel Oral Iron: Sucrosomial Iron (SI) is showing superior absorption and better tolerance than traditional ferrous salts for iron-deficiency anemia.
IV Iron in Infection: Research presented at ASH 2025 challenged the dogma of not giving IV iron during infections, revealing that IV iron actually improved hemoglobin and survival in patients with both anemia and bacterial infections.
Adjuvant Care: Proactive monitoring and treatment of anemia in cancer patients to enhance quality of life and treatment tolerance.
Treatments & "Cures"
ACVR Ligand Traps: Luspatercept has been approved for myelodysplastic syndromes, showing high effectiveness in reducing transfusion dependence.
HIF-PH Inhibitors: Roxadustat is being studied to correct hemoglobin in cancer patients, though long-term concerns regarding cancer cell stimulation exist.
Gene Editing for Hemoglobinopathies: Gene-editing (CRISPR-based) treatments for sickle cell disease have been approved in the UK for NHS use as of January 2025.