Pleural Diseases: Pleural Anatomy, Physiology, Pneumothorax, and Pleural Effusion.

Описание: Pleural Diseases: Pleural Anatomy, Physiology, Pneumothorax, tension pneumothorax and Pleural Effusion.
In the end of this video you will learn the pleural anatomy and physiology, also i discuss the pleura diseases that includes pneumothorax, pneumothorax vs tension pneumothorax, and pleural effusion.
Pneumothorax
Classification of Pneumothorax;
1. Spontaneous (non-traumatic)
a. Primary spontaneous - no predisposing lung disease or history of thoracic trauma
b. Secondary spontaneous - underlying lung abnormality is present
2. Traumatic
a. Iatrogenic - caused by invasive medical procedures e.g. - central vein cannulation, pleural tap or biopsy, transbronchial biopsy, fine needle aspiration
b. Accidental - following direct injury to the thorax e.g – penetrating chest injury, laceration of visceral pleura by a fractured rib
Pneumothorax may also be classified as;
1. Simple pneumothorax - no shift of the heart or mediastinal structures
2. Tension pneumothorax
or
1. Open - “sucking” chest wound
2. Closed - intact thoracic cage (2)
Also, you will be able to know the pneumothorax x ray findings and the difference between pneumothorax x ray vs normal
Pneumothorax management and treatment
Pleural Effusion
Types of pleural effusion:
1. Transudate
2. Exudate.

Causes:

Leaking from other organs. This usually happens if you have congestive heart failure But it can also come from liver or kidney disease when fluid builds up in your body and leaks into the pleural space.

Cancer. Usually, lung cancer is the problem, but other cancers that have spread to the lung or pleura can cause it, too.

Infections. Some illnesses that lead to pleural effusion are pneumonia or tuberculosis.

Autoimmune conditions. Lupus or rheumatoid arthritis are some diseases that can cause it.

Pulmonary embolism.
pleural effusion treatment
pleural effusion x ray findings
pleural effusion vs pulmonary edema

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