Control of Magnetic Drug Targeting

Описание: Ben Shapiro
Fischell Department of Bioengineering and Institute for Systems Research

Abstract
In magnetic drug targeting, therapy is attached or encased in magnetic carriers and external magnets are then used to direct or focus those carriers to disease locations, e.g. to tumors, infections, or blood clots. Magnetic targeting has advanced from magnetic carrier fabrication and biocompatibility studies to animal experiments and successful phase I human clinical trials (for instance for treatment of advanced inoperable head and neck tumors: Lubbe & Bergemann 1997).

Our goal is to design and control magnets to better direct the magnetized drugs to where they need to go inside the body. The talk will discuss the basics of magnetic drug delivery, how magnetic forces scale with size and depth, as well as the current state of the field. I will present a spectrum of our efforts ranging from the near to the long term, and covering subjects from modeling and control design to autopsies and tissue experiments. This will include advanced but tractable numerical simulations that can accurately predict in-vivo behavior thus allowing improved design of magnetic drug delivery systems (with Oscar Bruno, Caltech). Then I will show methods for (globally) optimal magnet design to increase magnetic forces and focusing depths (with Arkadi Nemirovski). Next, I will discuss how a simple combination of magnets can create push forces thus providing drug delivery access to the inner ear through the round window membrane – the inner ear is behind the blood-brain barrier and is hard to reach. This part has been validated in rat experiments. For the long term, I will present some ideas, methods, and experimental results for precision manipulation of magnetic nanoparticles – methods to steer and position them under fundamental constraints (like Samuel Earnshaw’s classical 1837 theorem).

The talk will close with an outline of key challenges, ranging from modeling and optimization to control design, real-time nano-particle sensing, and parameter estimation from tissue, animal, and autopsy studies. Most importantly, I will try to give a sense of what kind of research fields must be combined to move magnetic drug targeting capabilities from lab to clinic.

Biography
Dr. Benjamin Shapiro’s primary appointment is with the Fischell department of Bioengineering, he has a joint appointment with the Institute for Systems Research, the NanoCenter, and is affiliated with the Applied Math and Scientific Computation program. He received his bachelors degree from the Georgia Institute of Technology and his PhD from the Control and Dynamical Systems option at Caltech (with Richard Murray). His research is focused on modeling, design, and control of micro-scale systems for chemical, biological, and clinical applications. He is the recipient of a 2003 NSF CAREER award, has filed 16 patents (two of which were awarded 1st and 3rd places as inventions of the year at Maryland), and is a Fulbright scholar (to Germany). Last year, he spent half of his sabbatical at the National Cancer Institute. He was born in Jerusalem, Israel in 1973.