👩‍🍼 Episiotomy One Note

Описание: 👩‍🍼 Episiotomy One Note
An episiotomy is a surgical incision made at perineum during the second stage of labor to enlarge the vaginal opening and facilitate delivery & prevent lacerations.

🌟Common Indications;-
Fetal distress – Need for quick delivery.
Shoulder dystocia – To create more space for maneuvering the baby’s shoulders.
Operative vaginal delivery – When using forceps or a vacuum extractor.
Rigid perineum – In first-time mothers or older women with less elastic tissue.
Breech presentation – For easier delivery of the after-coming head.
Macrosomia – Large baby that may tear the perineum naturally.

💥Types-
Median (midline) episiotomy.
J-shaped episiotomy.
Mediolateral episiotomy.
Lateral episiotomy.

⁉️Complications-
Injury to Anus
Less used
Most commonly used/Safest
Injury to bartholin glands

🩸Complications of Episiotomy
Immediate: Pain, Bleeding, Extension to 3rd or 4th degree perineal tear, Infection
Late: Dyspareunia (pain during intercourse), Scar tenderness, Poor wound healing or dehiscence
Recto-vaginal fistula (rare)

👩‍🍼 Post-Episiotomy Care
Hygiene: Keep the perineal area clean and dry.
Pain relief: NSAIDs, Sitz baths.
Stool softeners: To avoid straining.
Antibiotics: If signs of infection.
Pelvic floor exercises (e.g., Kegels)

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