Mycenae - Greece

Описание: Mycenae is an archaeological site near Mykines in Argolis, north-eastern Peloponnese, Greece. It is located about 120 kilometres south-west of Athens; 11 kilometres north of Argos and 48 kilometres south of Corinth. The site is 19 kilometres inland from the Saronic Gulf and built upon a hill rising 274 metres above sea level.
In the second millennium BC, Mycenae was one of the major centres of Greek civilization, a military stronghold which dominated much of southern Greece, Crete, the Cyclades and parts of southwest Anatolia. The period of Greek history from about 1600 BC to about 1100 BC is called Mycenaean in reference to Mycenae. At its peak in 1350 BC, the citadel and lower town had a population of 30,000 and an area of 32 hectares.
The first correct identification of Mycenae in modern literature was in 1700, during a survey conducted by the Venetian engineer Francesco Vandeyk on behalf of Francesco Grimani, the Provveditore Generale of the Kingdom of the Morea. Vandeyk used Pausanias's description of the Lion Gate to identify the ruins of Mycenae.


Mikena je arheološko nalazište u blizini Mikinesa u Argolidi, severoistočni Peloponez, Grčka. Nalazi se oko 120 kilometara jugozapadno od Atine, 11 kilometara severno od Argosa i 48 kilometara južno od Korinta. Lokalitet se nalazi 19 kilometara u unutrašnjosti od Saronskog zaliva i izgrađen je na brdu koje se uzdiže 274 metra nadmorske visine.
U drugom milenijumu pre nove ere, Mikena je bila jedan od glavnih centara grčke civilizacije, vojno uporište koje je dominiralo većim delom južne Grčke, Kritom, Kikladima i delovima jugozapadne Anadolije. Period grčke istorije od oko 1600. pre nove ere do oko 1100. pre nove ere naziva se mikenskim u odnosu na Mikenu. Na svom vrhuncu 1350. godine pre nove ere, citadela i donji grad su imali 30.000 stanovnika i površinu od 32 hektara.
Prva ispravna identifikacija Mikene u modernoj literaturi bila je 1700. godine, tokom istraživanja koje je sproveo venecijanski inženjer Frančesko Vandejk u ime Frančeska Grimanija, generalnog provvedatora Kraljevine Moreje. Vandejk je koristio Pausanijin opis Lavlje kapije da identifikuje ruševine Mikene.