12th Chemistry - IIT-JEE - Solid State - Packing In Solids (fcc, bcc and hcp Lattices) and Voids

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In solid-state physics, the arrangement of atoms or ions in a crystal structure is crucial for understanding the properties of materials. Three common types of crystal lattices are the face-centered cubic (FCC), body-centered cubic (BCC), and hexagonal close-packed (HCP) lattices.

FCC (Face-Centered Cubic) Lattice:

In an FCC lattice, atoms are arranged at the corners of a cube and at the centers of each face.
Each atom is in contact with 12 neighbors in a closely packed arrangement.
Commonly found in metals like aluminum, copper, and lead.
BCC (Body-Centered Cubic) Lattice:

In a BCC lattice, atoms are arranged at the corners of a cube, and there is an additional atom at the center of the cube.
Each atom is in contact with eight neighbors.
Examples of metals with BCC structure include iron, chromium, and tungsten.
HCP (Hexagonal Close-Packed) Lattice:

In an HCP lattice, atoms are arranged in layers with a repeating ABAB pattern, and each layer is staggered relative to the previous one.
The stacking results in a hexagonal pattern.
Commonly found in metals like magnesium, zinc, and titanium.