Formal vs Substantive Equality 🔥 UPSC Must-Know Concept!

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Are you a UPSC Civil Services Exam aspirant grappling with the complex concepts of Formal and Substantive Equality? This in-depth video breaks down everything you need to know for your Mains examination, covering GS Paper 2 (Polity & Governance) and optional subjects like Public Administration, Sociology, and Law.

We'll dive deep into:

What is formal equality and what is substantive equality? Understand the core differences and their implications for social justice in India.
Constitutional provisions: Explore how Articles 14, 15, and 16 of the Indian Constitution underpin both types of equality.
Reservation Policy: Gain clarity on the history, implementation, and ongoing debates surrounding reservations in India, including the 50% reservation cap established by the Indra Sawhney judgment.
Creamy Layer: Demystify the concept of the creamy layer for OBCs and understand the recent discussions around its potential application to SC/ST categories.
Current Affairs: Analyze recent developments like Tejashwi Yadav's 85% reservation proposal in Bihar and the Supreme Court's stance on the creamy layer for SC/ST reservations.
Challenges & Way Forward: Discuss the limitations of existing policies and explore potential reforms for a more equitable future.
This video uses mind maps and a structured approach to help you grasp these nuanced topics. Essential for every serious UPSC aspirant!

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