Acid Bases and Salts 02 | Class 10th Science chapter 2 | NCERT | Ramakant sir

Описание: Acid Bases and Salts 02 | Class 10th Science chapter 2 | Ramakant sir
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Acids are a class of substances that donate hydrogen ions (H⁺) or accept electron pairs, playing crucial roles in chemistry, biology, and industry. They are characterized by their sour taste, ability to react with bases, and conduct electricity in aqueous solutions.

Types of Acids:
1. Strong Acids: Completely dissociate in water, releasing H⁺ ions (e.g., hydrochloric acid, HCl).
2. Weak Acids: Partially dissociate in water, releasing fewer H⁺ ions (e.g., acetic acid, CH₃COOH).
3. Organic Acids: Contain carbon and often have a carboxyl group (-COOH) (e.g., citric acid, lactic acid).
4. Inorganic Acids: Do not contain carbon (e.g., sulfuric acid, H₂SO₄; nitric acid, HNO₃).

Physical Properties:
1. Sour Taste: Acids have a characteristic sour taste.
2. Conductivity: Acidic solutions conduct electricity due to the presence of ions.
3. pH: Acids have a pH below 7, with lower values indicating stronger acidity.

Chemical Properties:1. Reaction with Bases: Acids react with bases to form salts and water (neutralization).
2. Reaction with Metals: Acids can react with certain metals to produce hydrogen gas.
3. Corrosive Nature: Strong acids can corrode materials and cause burns.

Understanding acids is essential for various applications in industries like food, pharmaceuticals, and environmental science. Their properties and reactions are fundamental to many chemical processes.
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