Historical Background of Indian Constitution | Laxmikant chapter 1 , GOI Acts | Polity for UPSC

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In this UPSC Polity lecture, we cover the Historical Background of the Indian Constitution — a foundational topic for both UPSC Prelims and Mains. Understand how British rule shaped India’s constitutional framework through key Acts such as the Regulating Act of 1773, Charter Acts (1813–1853), Government of India Acts (1858, 1919, 1935), and the Indian Independence Act of 1947. This lecture also aligns with Laxmikant Polity Chapter 1 – Historical Background, ensuring complete conceptual clarity.
Perfect for aspirants preparing for UPSC 2026 or revising Constitutional Development in India for quick Prelims recap.

What you’ll learn:

Evolution of Indian Constitution step-by-step

Important Acts before 1947 explained with PYQs

Key features of Government of India Act 1935

British impact on Indian governance structure

Summary of Laxmikant Historical Background chapter
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00:00 – Historical Background of Indian Constitution (UPSC Polity Intro)
03:24 – Company Rule to Regulating Act 1773 (Plassey, Buxar, “responsible government”)
08:45 – Regulating Act 1773 → Supreme Court at Calcutta & Amending Act 1781 (jurisdiction)
16:46 – Pitt’s India Act 1784: Double Government & Board of Control (UPSC Polity)
20:39 – Charter Acts 1793 & 1813: Veto Power, Trade Monopoly, Western Education
33:37 – Charter Act 1833: Governor-General of India, Law Commission, IPC origins
42:52 – Charter Act 1853: Legislative–Executive Split, ICS Open Competition, Provincial Reps
46:11 – Revolt 1857 & GOI Act 1858: Crown Rule, Viceroy & Secretary of State
51:01 – Councils Acts 1861 & 1892: Portfolio System, Indian Members, Budget Questions
01:02:53 – Morley–Minto Reforms 1909: Separate Electorates & Provincial Powers
01:14:04 – Government of India Act 1919: Dyarchy, Bicameralism & Direct Elections

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