UMASK in Linux Explained 🔐 | File & Directory Permissions with Live Examples

Описание: 🔐 UMASK in Linux controls the default permissions for files and directories.
In this video, you’ll learn what UMASK is, how to calculate it, and how to set it temporarily and permanently.

We cover: ✅ Default UMASK values: 0022, 0002, 0027, 0077
✅ Real-time permission calculations (for files & folders)
✅ Where and how to make UMASK permanent
✅ Practical hands-on explanation and step-by-step command demo


💡 Bonus:
I have launched and configured an EC2 instance using a Red Hat machine image and connected via SSH to demonstrate UMASK live in action.

🧑‍💻 Commands Used in the Video:

Check current UMASK
umask

Set UMASK temporarily
umask 0022
umask 0002
umask 0027
umask 0077

Make UMASK permanent (system-wide)
sudo vi /etc/profile
Add: umask 027

sudo vi /etc/bashrc
Add: umask 027

User-specific UMASK (optional)
vi ~/.bashrc
Add: umask 027

vi ~/.bash_profile
Add: umask 027

Set UMASK in login.defs
sudo vi /etc/login.defs
Modify: UMASK 022

Set UMASK for a service (e.g. Apache)
sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/httpd.service.d/
sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/httpd.service.d/override.conf

Add in the file:
[Service]
UMask=0027

📂 Who should watch?

Linux beginners, system administrators, DevOps learners, or anyone looking to understand Linux file permissions the right way!

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