Unit 4 Lecture 1 BA,B.ED,BS, English 1 Course Codes 1423/5404/9407 Allama Iqbal Open University

Описание: Lecture 1 --- UNIT 4
Allama Iqbal Open University AIOU
BA English Compulsory Communication Skills
for BA BS BED Associate Degree Programs
Course Codes 1423/5404/9407
online lectures Bachelors
Section A FUNCTION
Expressing Possibility and Impossibility
Something is possible and certain if it is meaningful. Something that makes no
sense and is meaningless is impossibility or uncertainty. Read these examples:
 I think it is possible to have a pay raise in this year’s budget
 I don’t think it is impossible to have a pay raise in this year’s budget
Suppose you are sure and certain that you will go straight home from work today and
have lunch with your family. But this certainty or possibility can have many
impossibilities or uncertainties. Read these examples:
Possibility/ Certainty Impossibility/ Uncertainty
It is possible that I reach home in
time for lunch. It may not be possible as I may get late
due to some office emergency.
It is quite possible that I face no traffic rush
on road and reach home on time.
It is really not possible to join my family
for lunch because there is so much
traffic mess on the roads during that
time.
So we can say that sometimes possibilities are coupled with impossibilities too.
You are going to listen to a Pakistani Politician Mr Hussain talking about possible peace
plans between India and Pakistan. Listen to what he has to say.
Recorded Text 22
Mr Hussain:
There are many possibilities under consideration that can help solve the long standing
disputes between India and Pakistan. But these options seem impossible to be accepted
by various players involved in the peace process.
There are many possible and workable solutions and it is quite possible that we may
reach to a consensus on many issues. However, there are some uncertainties too,
because it is not possible to convince everybody on each and every issue, because there
might be some disagreements. Let me discuss some possibilities and impossibilities
involved in this dispute:
Possibility 1: International border
One option or possibility is to turn the line of control between Indian and Pakistani
Kashmir into an international border. However, such a plan would be impossible and
unacceptable both to Pakistan and to many Kashmiris living on either side of the line of
control.
Possibility 2: Let Kashmiris choose
Another possibility would be a plebiscite which would give Kashmiris the choice of
either Indian or Pakistani rule. But again this is not possible as some circles would
oppose it.
Possibility 3: Independence
A five-phase formula for independence, to be overseen by a UN committee may be
quite possible. It can be possible only if representatives from a wide variety of countries
may over see a phased withdrawal of troops by both countries. But again within
Kashmir, this might not be a possible solution as plebiscite leading to independence
would not be welcomed by all.
Possibility 4: Religious segregation
A lot of people have suggested another possibility and that is to redraw the boundaries
of Kashmir on religious lines. This would mean that most of the Muslim-dominated
areas of Indian Kashmir could go to Pakistan, and the Hindu dominated areas would
remain with India. But even this possibility has serious flaws. I think this is not a
possible solution as thousands of people will be uprooted as a result of such a partition.
Moreover, it is quite possible that the international community would not support a
plan of this sort.
Mr Hussain’s talk has many expressions that express possibilities and
impossibilities. Let us repeat these expressions:
Possibility
 There are many possibilities under consideration that can help solve the
longstanding dispute between India and Pakistan
 There are many possible and workable solutions and it is quite possible to reach
to a consensus on many issues
 One option or possibility is to turn the line of control between Indian and
Pakistani Kashmir into an international border
 Another possibility would be a plebiscite which would give Kashmiris the choice
of either Indian or Pakistani rule
 A five-phase formula for independence, to be overseen by a UN committee may
be quite possible
 It can be possible only if representatives from a wide variety of countries may
over see a phased withdrawal of troops by both countries
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