INDIAN GEOGRAPHY THROUGH ANIMATION l Chapter 35 : coastal plains l Eastern coastline plains

Описание: The *Eastern Coastal Plains* of India are an important geographical region lying between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal. These plains are known for their fertile lands, rich cultural history, and economic significance.

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1. Location and Extent:

●) Stretch from the suburbs of West Bengal in the north to the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu in the south.

●) Cover parts of West Bengal, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu.

●) Extend over approximately 1,500 km from the Ganges Delta to Kanyakumari.

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2. Divisions:

The Eastern Coastal Plains are divided into three parts:

●) Utkal Coast – Northern part (West Bengal & Odisha)

●) Andhra Coast – Central part (Andhra Pradesh)

●) Coromandel Coast – Southern part (Tamil Nadu)

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3. Major Rivers:

Several large rivers flow eastward from the interior plateau and deposit fertile alluvium:

●) Mahanadi (in Odisha)

●) Godavari, Krishna, and Penneru (in Andhra Pradesh)

●) Cauvery (in Tamil Nadu)

These rivers form deltas as they enter the Bay of Bengal, making the plains extremely fertile.

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4. Physical Characteristics:

●) Broad, level plains with sandy beaches, lagoons, and backwaters.

●) Wider than the Western Coastal Plains (up to 120 km wide in some areas).

●) Elevation is low and gently sloping.

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5. Climate:

●) Tropical climate with high temperatures and humidity.

●) Receives rainfall from both the Southwest and Northeast monsoons.

●) The region is prone to cyclones, especially in Odisha and Andhra Pradesh.

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6. Agriculture and Economy:

●) Fertile soil makes it suitable for intensive agriculture.

●) Main crops: Rice, coconut, sugarcane, and banana.

●) Important for fishing and aquaculture.

●) Rich in mineral and natural resources in certain parts.

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7. Important Cities and Ports:

●) Chennai, Visakhapatnam, Puri, Kolkata (close to the northern edge)

●) Major ports: Chennai Port, Visakhapatnam Port, Paradip Port.

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8. Cultural and Historical Importance:

●) Region of ancient temple towns like Puri, Mahabalipuram, and Kanchipuram.

●) Rich in Dravidian architecture, coastal trade history, and religious festivals.