Genetic Codons Made Simple | Protein Synthesis l NEET & 12th l Complete Coverage
Автор: Global Academy
Загружено: 2026-01-21
Просмотров: 40
Описание:
A genetic codon is a sequence of three nucleotides (bases) in messenger RNA (mRNA) that specifies one amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.
Key points:
Codons are read three bases at a time during translation.
Each codon corresponds to one amino acid or a termination signal.
There are 64 possible codons (4³ combinations of A, U, G, C).
The genetic code is universal (nearly the same in all organisms).
It is degenerate, meaning multiple codons can code for the same amino acid.
Example:
AUG → Codes for Methionine (Met)
Also acts as the start codon, signaling the beginning of protein synthesis.
UAA, UAG, UGA → Stop codons, signaling the end of translation.
During protein synthesis:
DNA is transcribed into mRNA.
Ribosomes read mRNA codons.
Transfer RNA (tRNA) brings the corresponding amino acids.
Amino acids are linked together to form a polypeptide chain (protein).
Summary:
A genetic codon is the basic unit of the genetic code that translates genetic information into proteins, determining an organism’s structure and function.
If you want, I can also provide a codon table or a simpler school-level explanation.
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