Troubleshooting SyntaxError: invalid decimal literal in Python

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Summary: Learn why you might be seeing the "SyntaxError: invalid decimal literal" in your Python code and how to resolve this common error efficiently.
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Troubleshooting SyntaxError: invalid decimal literal in Python

Python, as a programming language, is known for its simplicity and readability. However, when dealing with numbers and numeric literals, you might occasionally run into a SyntaxError, particularly the "invalid decimal literal" error. This guide aims to explain why this error occurs and how to fix it in your Python code.

Understanding the Error

The error message SyntaxError: invalid decimal literal is fairly descriptive but can still be confusing at times. This error occurs when Python's interpreter encounters a numeric literal that doesn't conform to proper formatting rules.

Examples of Invalid Decimal Literals

Leading Zero in Non-Binary Numbers:

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In Python 3, numeric literals cannot start with a leading zero (except for 0b, 0o, and 0x prefixes for binary, octal, and hexadecimal literals respectively).

Incorrect Use of Underscores:

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While underscores can be used to make large numbers more readable (e.g., 1_000_000), they must not be used consecutively or placed at the start or end of the number.

Common Scenarios and Fixes

Scenario 1: Leading Zero in Decimal Numbers

Example Code:

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Error:

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Solution:
Remove or replace the leading zero:

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For octal literals (base 8), use the 0o prefix:

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Scenario 2: Misplaced Underscores

Example Code:

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Error:

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Solution:
Correct the placement of underscores:

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Scenario 3: Non-ASCII Characters

Occasionally, non-ASCII characters (e.g., from copy-pasting code) can cause issues.

Example Code:

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Error:

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Solution:
Ensure the correct character is used:

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Scenario 4: Hexadecimal and Other Invalid Literals

Example Code:

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Error:

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Solution:
Use valid characters for hexadecimal literals (0–9, A–F):

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Conclusion

The SyntaxError: invalid decimal literal is a common issue that can arise from improperly formatted numeric literals. Whether it's due to a leading zero, misplaced underscores, or invalid characters, understanding the correct format will help you resolve these errors swiftly and keep your code running smoothly.

Happy coding!