Los Angeles Plastic Surgeon Dr. Motykie - BOTOX Uses - Marie Show

Описание: BOTOX can do so much more than erase laugh lines. Dr. Gary Motykie explains the medical benefits of BOTOX for multiple sclerosis, hyperactive bladders, chronic migraines, tension headaches, jaw pain, and more.

How does it work?

Botulinum toxin is one of the most poisonous substances known to man. Scientists have estimated that a single gram could kill as many as one million people and a couple of kilos could kill every human on earth.22 In high concentrations botulinum toxin can result in botulism, a severe, life-threatening illness. Botulism, left untreated, may result in respiratory failure and death.16 Yet despite being so toxic and so costly, it is in huge demand.

Botox injection

Botulinum toxin is injected to treat certain muscular conditions and cosmetically remove wrinkles by temporarily paralyzing muscles.
Botulinum toxin has proven to be a successful and valuable therapeutic protein when dosage, frequency of treatment and variety of treated clinical conditions are considered.23

Botulinum toxin can be injected into humans in extremely small concentrations and works by preventing signals from the nerve cells reaching muscles, effectively leaving the muscles without instructions to contract, therefore paralyzing them.24

In order for muscles to contract, nerves release a chemical messenger, acetylcholine (a neurotransmitter), at the junction where the nerve endings meet muscle cells. The acetylcholine attaches to receptors on the muscle cells and causes the muscle cells to contract or shorten. Injected botulinum toxin prevents the release of acetylcholine, preventing contraction of the muscle cells. The effect of botulinum toxin causes a reduction in abnormal muscle contraction allowing the muscles to become less stiff.

Medical and cosmetic uses

Botulinum toxin's main claim to fame is that it will appear to iron out wrinkles and lines in aging faces. More than just a vanity product, it can be useful for treating a variety of medical conditions ranging from eye squints to migraines, excess sweating to leaky bladders. There are currently over 20 different medical conditions that botulinum toxin is being used to treat with more being discovered regularly.

Approved therapeutic uses for botulinum toxin:

Blepharospasm (spasm of the eyelids)1
Idiopathic Rotational Cervical Dystonia (severe neck and shoulder muscle spasms) 1
Chronic Migraine3
Severe Primary Axillary Hyperhidrosis (excessive seating)1
Strabismus (crossed eyes)1
Post-Stroke Upper Limb Spasticity4
Detrusor Overactivity Urinary Incontinence6
Overactive Bladder5
Hemifacial Spasm1
Glabellar Lines (frown lines between the eyebrows)2
Canthal Lines7
Crow's Feet Lines.7


Off-label uses:

Achalasia8
Anal Fissure and Anismus8
Sialorrhea9
Allergic Rhinitis10
Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction11
Cerebral Palsy1
Oromandibular Dystonias12
Laryngeal Dystonia.13

How is the procedure performed?

Botuilinum toxin takes up to 72 hours to take effect and make a noticeable difference.

The botulinum toxin is administered by diluting the powder in saline (sodium chloride) and injecting directly into neuromuscular tissue, The toxin requires 24-72 hours to take effect, reflecting the time necessary to disrupt the synaptosomal process. In very rare circumstances, some individuals may require as many as five days for the full effect to be observed.14

Botulinum toxin should not be used in pregnant or lactating women, as well as people who have had a previous allergic reaction to the drug or any of its ingredients.

Risks and side effects

Injections with botulinum toxin are generally well tolerated and side effects are few. Uncommon responses to a drug because of a genetic predisposition are uncommon, generally mild, and transient.

Along with its needed effects, botulinum toxin may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all, if any, of these side effects may occur.

These are some of the side effects that can occur:14,15:

Mild injection pain and local edema erythema
Transient numbness
Headache
Malaise
Mild nausea
Temporary unwanted weakness/paralysis of nearby musculature caused by the action of the toxin
Temporary upper lid or brow ptosis
Weakness of the lower eyelid or lateral rectus
Dysphagia
Neck weakness
Influenza-like illness
Brachial plexopathy
Gallbladder dysfunction
Diplopi
Bleeding
Blurred vision
Drooping of the eyelids
Decreased eyesight
Dry mouth
Fatigue
Hives
Rashes
Wheezing
Swelling

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