IELTS Writing -Task2 - Explain some of the ways in which humans are damaging the environment.

Описание: Explain some of the ways in which humans are damaging the environment. What can governments do to address these problems? What can individual people do?
Main ideas:
Paragraph 1-Introduction
1. Humans are the main cause of environmental problems.
→ Con người gây ra nhiều vấn đề môi trường.
Paragraph 2- Problems
2. The two biggest environmental problems are air pollution and waste.
→ Hai vấn đề lớn nhất là ô nhiễm không khí và rác thải.
3. Air pollution leads to global warming and threatens the future of the planet.
→ Ô nhiễm không khí gây ra biến đổi khí hậu.
4. Waste contaminates the earth and pollutes rivers and oceans.
→ Rác thải làm ô nhiễm đất và nguồn nước.
Paragraph 3- Government solutions
5. Governments should reduce pollution through laws, renewable energy, and green taxes.
→ Chính phủ cần can thiệp bằng luật, năng lượng tái tạo và thuế xanh.
Paragraph 4- Individual solutions
6. Individuals should change their behaviour to protect the environment.
→ Cá nhân cần đi phương tiện công cộng, giảm bao bì, tái chế.
Paragraph 5-Conclusion
7. Both governments and individuals are responsible for environmental protection.
→ Cả nhà nước và người dân đều có trách nhiệm.

Humans are responsible for a variety of environmental problems, but we can also take steps to reduce the damage that we are causing to the planet. This essay will discuss environmental problems and the measures that governments and individuals can take to address these problems.
Two of the biggest threats to the environment are air pollution and waste. Gas emissions from factories and exhaust fumes from vehicles lead to global warming, which may have a devastating effect on the planet in the future. As the human population increases, we are also producing ever greater quantities of waste, which contaminates the earth and pollutes rivers and oceans.
Governments could certainly make more effort to reduce air pollution. They could introduce laws to limit emissions from factories or to force companies to use renewable energy from solar, wind or water power. They could also impose ‘green taxes’ on drivers and airline companies. In this way, people would be encouraged to use public transport and to take fewer flights abroad, therefore reducing emissions.
Individuals should also take responsibility for the impact they have on the environment. They can take public transport rather than driving, choose products with less packaging, and recycle as much as possible. Most supermarkets now provide reusable bags for shoppers as well as ‘banks’ for recycling glass, plastic and paper in their car parks. By reusing and recycling, we can help to reduce waste.
In conclusion, both national governments and individuals must play their part in looking after the environment.