Class (35) = Plant Tissue Culture (Part 01) | Introduction and Advantages of Plant Tissue Culture

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Unit 3- Plant Tissue Culture
Plant tissue culture has a great significance in plant biotechnology, especially in the crop improvement programmes. The term tissue culture may be defined as the process of the in-vitro culture of explants (pieces of living differentiated tissues) in a nutrient medium under aseptic conditions. However, in general, the tissue culture includes the term tissue culture as well as cell culture, organ culture and suspension culture also. Totipotency is the genetic potential of a plant cell to produce the entire plant. In other words, totipotency is the cell characteristic in which the potential for forming all the cell types in the adult organism is retained. The cells are obtained from stem, root or other plant parts and are allowed to grow in culture medium containing mineral nutrients, vi¬tamins and hormones to encourage cell division and growth. As a result, the cells in culture will produce an unorganised proliferative mass of cells which is known as callus tissue.

Basic Requirements and Techniques of Plant Tissue Culture:
The main requirements of plant tissue culture are:
(1) Laboratory Organization
(2) Culture Media
(3) Aseptic Conditions
Advantage of Plant Tissue culture
1. It can create a large number of clones from a single seed or ex plants.
2. It takes shortened time, no need to wait for the whole life cycle of seed development.
3. For species that have long generation time, low levels of seed production, or seeds that do not readily germinate, rapid propagation is possible.
4. It overcomes seasonal restrictions for seed germination.
5. It helps to eliminate the plant disease through the careful stock solution and sterile technique

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