Why Your Understanding of Utilitarianism is WRONG Without Bentham and Mill | UPSC Ethics

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In this video, we explain Utilitarianism, one of the most important ethical theories for UPSC Ethics (GS Paper 4).
The lecture clearly compares Jeremy Bentham’s quantitative utilitarianism with John Stuart Mill’s qualitative utilitarianism, focusing on concepts like the principle of utility, hedonistic calculus, higher and lower pleasures, and their relevance in ethical decision-making.
The discussion is enriched with UPSC-oriented examples, case-study relevance, and answer-writing pointers to help aspirants score better in Ethics.
Ideal for UPSC CSE 2026 and 2027 aspirants, this video simplifies a highly scoring yet often confusing topic.

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00:00 – Organ Transplant Dilemma
Four patients vs one in coma
00:51 – Utilitarianism Explained
Greatest good for greatest number
02:29 – Long-term vs Short-term Analysis
Society collapse consideration
03:12 – Quantitative vs Qualitative
Bentham vs John Stuart Mill
04:48 – Policy & Governance Applications
Cost-benefit analysis in government
06:50 – Environmental Ethics Application
Long-term thinking required
07:25 – Demerits: Individual Rights Ignored
Privacy vs security trade-offs
09:38 – Measurement Problems
Quantifying happiness difficulties

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