How to create python scripts you can invoke as console commands

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creating python scripts that can be invoked as console commands is a great way to automate tasks and enhance productivity. below is a step-by-step tutorial on how to do this, including code examples.

step 1: write your python script

start by writing a simple python script. for example, let's create a script that prints "hello, world!" to the console.

*hello.py*


step 2: make the script executable

1. *change the file permissions* to make the script executable. you can do this using the `chmod` command in your terminal.



step 3: move the script to a directory in your path

to invoke your script from anywhere in the console, you need to move it to a directory that is included in your system's path. common directories include `/usr/local/bin` or `~/bin`.

1. *create a bin directory in your home folder* if it doesn't exist:



2. **move the script to the bin directory**:



3. *add the bin directory to your path* (if it’s not already):

add the following line to your `~/.bashrc`, `~/.bash_profile`, or `~/.zshrc` file, depending on your shell:



then, run:



step 4: run your script as a console command

now you can run your script from any directory in the terminal by simply typing:



step 5: adding command-line arguments

if you want your script to accept command-line arguments, you can use the `argparse` module. below is an updated version of the script that takes a name as an argument.

*hello.py*


now, you can invoke the script and pass a name as an argument:



this will output:



step 6: handling errors

you should also handle cases where the user does not provide the required argument. `argparse` will automatically take care of this by displaying a usage message if the required argument is missing.

conclusion

you have now created a basic python script that can be invoked as a console command, made it executable, moved it to a directory in your path, and added the ability to accept command-line ...

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