Today in History, July 22

Описание: Today in History, July 22:
838 -- Battle of Anzen: The Byzantine emperor Theophilos suffers a heavy defeat by the Abbasids.
1099 -- First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Jerusalem.
1298 -- Wars of Scottish Independence: Battle of Falkirk -- King Edward I of England and his longbowmen defeat William Wallace and his Scottish schiltrons outside the town of Falkirk.
1587 -- Colony of Roanoke: A second group of English settlers arrives on Roanoke Island off North Carolina to re-establish the deserted colony.
1706 -- The Acts of Union 1707 are agreed upon by commissioners from the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland, which, when passed by each countries' Parliaments, led to the creation of the Kingdom of Great Britain.
1805 -- Napoleonic Wars: War of the Third Coalition -- Battle of Cape Finisterre -- An inconclusive naval action is fought between a combined French and Spanish fleet under Admiral Pierre-Charles Villeneuve of Spain and a British fleet under Admiral Robert Calder.
1812 -- Napoleonic Wars: Peninsular War -- Battle of Salamanca -- British forces led by Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington) defeat French troops near Salamanca, Spain.
1864 -- American Civil War: Battle of Atlanta -- Outside Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate General John Bell Hood leads an unsuccessful attack on Union troops under General William T. Sherman on Bald Hill.
1916 -- In San Francisco, California, a bomb explodes on Market Street during a Preparedness Day parade killing ten and injuring 40.
1937 -- New Deal: The United States Senate votes down President Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court of the United States.
1942 -- The United States government begins compulsory civilian gasoline rationing due to the wartime demands.
1942 -- Holocaust: The systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto begins.
1943 -- World War II: Allied forces capture the Italian city of Palermo.
1951 -- Dezik (Дезик) and Tsygan (Цыган, "Gypsy") are the first dogs to make a sub-orbital flight.
1962 -- Mariner program: Mariner 1 spacecraft flies erratically several minutes after launch and has to be destroyed.
1976 -- Japan completes its last reparation to the Philippines for war crimes committed during the imperial Japan's conquest of the country in the Second World War.
1977 -- Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping is restored to power.
1983 -- Martial law in Poland is officially revoked.
1991 -- Jeffrey Dahmer is arrested in Milwaukee after police discover human remains in his apartment.
2003 -- Members of 101st Airborne of the United States, aided by Special Forces, attack a compound in Iraq, killing Saddam Hussein's sons Uday and Qusay, along with Mustapha Hussein, Qusay's 14-year old son, and a bodyguard.
2011 -- Norway is the victim of twin terror attacks, the first being a bomb blast which targeted government buildings in central Oslo, the second being a massacre at a youth camp on the island of Utøya.

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